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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the name of the tropical body of water that once ran around the earth east-west and connected all the oceans?
(a) The Chixiclub Sea,
(b) The Proto-Caribbean Sea.
(c) The Panthalassic Ocean.
(d) The Tethys Sea.

2. What is the air bladder of the cod used for in industry?
(a) Fishing line.
(b) Kevlar.
(c) Isinglass.
(d) Fiberglass.

3. What is the name of the only tropical cod that remains today?
(a) Cusk.
(b) Hake.
(c) Bregmaceros.
(d) Whiting.

4. Which Spanish Basque city provided anchors and metal fittings with its ironworks and grew with the cod boom?
(a) Balboa.
(b) Lido.
(c) Bilbao.
(d) St. Michelle.

5. Europe's best salt was supposed to have come from which country?
(a) France.
(b) Britain.
(c) Spain.
(d) Portugal.

6. Jacques Cartier is credited for "discovering" the mouth of which river?
(a) The St. Lawrence.
(b) The Mississippi.
(c) The Hudson.
(d) The Pinware River.

7. The word for fresh cod in French is ____.
(a) Cot.
(b) Caude.
(c) Cambraid.
(d) Cabillaud.

8. Who was sent to Guiana as a death sentence in the 16th century?
(a) John Cabot.
(b) Juan Martinez.
(c) Thomas Huxley.
(d) Marco Polo.

9. Which now-extinct bird would flock overhead and darken the sky in 16th century North America?
(a) Mariana mallards.
(b) White-winged sandpipers.
(c) Passenger pigeons.
(d) Lorikeets.

10. Who outlawed the Basque language?
(a) Francisco Franco.
(b) Archduke Ferdinand.
(c) Juan Carlos.
(d) Ricardo Sáenz de Ynestrillas Pérez.

11. According to one theory, the Basques are thought to be the original _____.
(a) Iberians.
(b) Portuguese.
(c) Italians.
(d) Liberians.

12. Where were most explorers trying to get to in the 16th century?
(a) South America.
(b) Asia.
(c) Russia.
(d) California.

13. What do New Englanders call smaller thin-shelled quahogs?
(a) Steamers.
(b) Sandies.
(c) Mud bugs.
(d) Barnacles.

14. Sterling", according to Kurlansky, means what?
(a) Of assured value.
(b) Commonly available.
(c) 100% silver.
(d) Pound.

15. Who offered the English Puritans either Manhattan or Guiana as a place of refuge?
(a) The Germans.
(b) The Italians.
(c) The Dutch.
(d) The French.

Short Answer Questions

1. What color of the meat of a cod is the result of sluggish muscle tissue?

2. What was the original name of John Cabot?

3. What are the best shore spaces for drying catch called?

4. What commodity did Bartholomew Gosnold find in North America?

5. Where was the Puritan minister, Francis Higgenson, from?

(see the answer keys)

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