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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who returned to Iceland in 1964 and was astounded by its transformation?
(a) W. H. Auden.
(b) Pablo Picasso.
(c) Erik Eriksson.
(d) Henry David Thoreau.

2. What is the leading cause of death on a modern trawler?
(a) Being crushed by machinery.
(b) Freezing to death.
(c) Heart attack.
(d) Falling overboard.

3. Which author's novel described too many fishermen on the banks working the same grounds.
(a) Kipling.
(b) Stevenson.
(c) Auden.
(d) Thoreau.

4. Which American President issued a proclamation stating that the U.S. had the right to control mineral resources on its continental shelf?
(a) Dwight D. Eisenhower.
(b) Harry S. Truman.
(c) Franklin D. Roosevelt.
(d) Woodrow Wilson.

5. A ship with onboard fish processing is called a _____.
(a) Factory ship.
(b) Process outfitter.
(c) Floating station.
(d) Transport plant.

Short Answer Questions

1. "Clipper schooners" carried a lot of sail. Why were they dangerous?

2. The 19th-century debate over longlining seemed to have been fueled by _____.

3. Which London newspaper reported that the Icelanders were very difficult to deal with in the third Cod War?

4. Which British foreign secretary commented on the third Cod War saying that both sides have shown valor, but there was no need to show virility?

5. Clarence Birdseye was passing the winter in _____ when he discovered how to freeze food.

Short Essay Questions

1. Why did Icelandic Coast Guard vessels withstand enemy attacks in the second cod war?

2. Describe how gill nets are used.

3. How is hákarl flesh processed and why?

4. Why did Icelanders rejoice in the addition of the 12-mile limit zone around their country?

5. Why do fishermen have comparatively high accident rates?

6. How did the invention of filleting machinery change New England's cod fishing industry?

7. Why did it take over seventy years for Europeans to convert their cod fishing fleets to engine power?

8. How did the British respond to being asked to change their preference for fried cod as the cod catch continued to decline?

9. What skills did fishermen learn in the wake of the imposition of 200-mile zones?

10. Why was the British Royal Navy reluctant to send combat ships to deal with Iceland during the second Cod War?

(see the answer keys)

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