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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The first otter trawl was built in _____.
(a) Ireland.
(b) Iceland.
(c) Scotland.
(d) Newfoundland.

2. Who was the longtime director of Iceland's Marine Research Institute and one of the negotiators during the third Cod War?
(a) Thor Thorsson.
(b) Erik Grindavík.
(c) Leif Marksson.
(d) Jon Jonsson.

3. The Cod Wars started in the middle of what other war?
(a) The Cold War.
(b) World War I.
(c) World War II.
(d) The French and Indian War.

4. Equipment that waits for the fish is called _____.
(a) Passive gear.
(b) Comstocks.
(c) Diggers.
(d) Dead netting.

5. Hákarl is the flesh of a large _____.
(a) Greenland shark.
(b) Puffer fish.
(c) Gray skate.
(d) Hake.

Short Answer Questions

1. The twin ports of Hull and Grimsby are on the _____ River.

2. What Nova Scotia fish product was heavily salted on schooners, then dried on flakes along a rocky coastline?

3. Which author's novel described too many fishermen on the banks working the same grounds.

4. What were the French fishing fleets called?

5. The 19th-century debate over longlining seemed to have been fueled by _____.

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the British respond to being asked to change their preference for fried cod as the cod catch continued to decline?

2. What served as buoys and what were they used for in early cod fishing?

3. Why did Icelandic Coast Guard vessels withstand enemy attacks in the second cod war?

4. How did the invention of filleting machinery change New England's cod fishing industry?

5. How did the Icelandic government finally curb the capacity of is own fishing fleet?

6. What did Halldór Laxness win the Nobel Prize for and why?

7. How did navigation improve in fishing in the 17th century?

8. Why was the British Royal Navy reluctant to send combat ships to deal with Iceland during the second Cod War?

9. What happened to many British and German trawlers during the second Cod War?

10. How is hákarl flesh processed and why?

(see the answer keys)

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