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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In what country did scientists Vepsalainen and Pisarski devise a three-tiered classification for hierarchical competition?
(a) Romania.
(b) Poland.
(c) Finland.
(d) Sweden.

2. What is the most effective way for ants to subdue their prey?
(a) Poisonous stingers.
(b) Pinning with antennae.
(c) Wrestling with legs.
(d) Strong mandibles.

3. Which of the following scientists solely studied the way harvester ants affected cross-pollination in 1986?
(a) Rissing.
(b) Huber.
(c) Gould.
(d) Wilde.

4. What does the red ant, Proceratium, forage for?
(a) Eggs.
(b) Plant matter.
(c) Sodium.
(d) Honey.

5. During what season of the year are Solenopsis flies absent from most ecosystems?
(a) Spring.
(b) Fall.
(c) Winter.
(d) Summer.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many species of ants were represented in the ant mosaic of Queensland, Australia?

2. During what season of the year do harvester ants struggle with "triple crunch"?

3. In the Ivory Coast, what insect species were the blind ants eating, 20 centimeters below the soil?

4. Which of the following best describes the body of weaver ants?

5. What type of weather facilitates the introduction of parasitic queens?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do weaver ants build their nests?

2. What are the dangers of using an aspirator when collecting ant samples for study?

3. How did Moser discover ventilation systems in ant nests in Louisiana?

4. What interesting collecting method did Harlow Shapely use when preserving ants?

5. How do Teleutomyrmex schneideri ants survive?

6. Why are Proceratium ants considered the most specialized of all egg predators?

7. How do Solenopsis flies affect the productivity of Apocephalus ants in Texas?

8. What modifications must a parasite's body undergo in order to live successfully off a host's body?

9. What is acacia?

10. What is dulosis? How is it a form of symbiosis?

(see the answer keys)

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