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Game theory provides ways to understand and predict behavior in situations where participants are driven by goals. Developed by John von Neumann (1903-1959) and Oskar Morgenstern (1902-1977), game theory reveals patterns of advantage for ...
About 94 pages (28,280 words) in 7 products

The term "gamelan" refers to various indigenous music ensembles of Java and Bali, the core instruments of which are usually drums, variously tuned bronze gongs, different sets of bronze metallophones, cymbals, and flutes. The...
About 13 pages (3,959 words) in 2 products

A gamete is a sexual reproductive cell such as a sperm or an egg that must fuse with another gamete to produce a zygote, and eventually, a new organism. Gametes are typically haploid (1N), containing only half the number of the chromosomes...
About 4 pages (1,162 words) in 3 products

Gametogenesis is the production of haploid sex cells (in humans, ovum and spermatozoa) that each carry one-half the genetic compliment of the parents from the germ cell line of each parent. The production of ovum is termed oogenesis and th...
About 5 pages (1,337 words) in 2 products

A gametophyte, or gamete-bearing plant, is one of the two multicellular phases that occur in alternation of generations. The gametophyte is the haploid phase; that is, its cells contain only one set of chromosomes, in contrast to the sporo...
About 3 pages (824 words) in 3 products

GAMLIʾEL OF YAVNEH, also known as Gamliʾel II, was a Palestinian tanna, rabbi, patriarch (nasiʾ), and head of the academy at Yavneh in the late first and early second century. In contrast to contemporary authorities, w...
About 3 pages (789 words) in 1 product

A gamma function is the solution to a specific integral. It is useful for physical applications and has very little theoretical interest value for mathematicians. It is occasionally also related to the "error functions." Its simplest expre...
About 7 pages (2,088 words) in 2 products

Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation, just like visible light or x rays, but with a much higher energy. The gamma ray spectrum is usually defined as light having a frequency between 1018 and 1021 Hertz. Gamma rays are more en...
About 18 pages (5,418 words) in 7 products

Gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclo-hexane Overview Gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (GAM-uh one two three four five six HEK-sa-KLOR-oh-SYE-kloh-HEK-sane) exists in four isomeric forms. Isomers are two or more forms of a chemical compo...
About 3 pages (743 words) in 1 product

OFFICIAL NAMES: Gamma butyrolactone (GBL), dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, 4-butanolide, 2(3H)-furanone dihydro, tetrahydro-2-furanone, butyrolactone gamma, gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), 1,4 butanediol (BD; tetramethylene glycol; SucolB), sodiu...
About 33 pages (10,007 words) in 3 products

After work, Patricia White went to a birthday party for her boss. While she was leaving, a colleague named Feal offered her a cup of "water" and the only thing she could remember after that was waking up naked in Feal's bed. Patricia Whit...
About 43 pages (13,025 words) in 3 products

Astronomers have been observing the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum for centuries, but this is just a very small "window" to the universe, and it provides a limited view. Once the space age was established, it opened many n...
About 5 pages (1,543 words) in 2 products

SGAM PO PA (GAMPOPA). Sgam po pa Bsod nams rin chen (Gampopa Sönam Rinchen, 1079–1153), also known as Dvags po lha rje, "the doctor from Dvags po," was the figure most responsible for systematizing the doctrines...
About 6 pages (1,854 words) in 2 products

fl. fourth century B.C. Chinese astronomer known for his star catalogue and his studies of sunspots. Along with Shih Shen and Wu Xien (Wu Hsien), Gan De was one of three scholars who independently developed a star catalogue that would, cen...
About 3 pages (910 words) in 2 products

Gandan lamasery, nestled in the modern city of Ulaanbatar, is the seat of Mongolian Buddhism and the largest monastery in the Mongolian People's Republic. Founded at nearly the same time as Ulaanbaatar, in the seventh century CE, Ga...
About 1 pages (236 words) in 1 product

GAṆEŚA ("lord of the group") is the elephant-headed Hindu deity. Also called Vināyaka ("leader"), Gajānana ("elephant-faced"), Gaṇādhipa ("lord of t...
About 39 pages (11,747 words) in 2 products

 
Colors, Letters and Numbers. The three things that have been with us from infancy, to adolescence until now. No one ever thought that the symbols that were on our building blocks would symbolize what they do today. The movie Colors glorifie...
About 361 pages (108,259 words) in 11 products

The Gang of Four (siren bang) is the name given to the four most influential supporters of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in its later stages, other than Mao Zedong (1893–1976). The group's main focus of activities was in Sh...
About 5 pages (1,594 words) in 2 products

The Indus River dolphin (Platanista minor), known in Pakistan as the susu, is sometimes called the "blind dolphin" because its eyes lack lenses. This virtual blindness, scientists speculate, is due to the high silt content of...
About 6 pages (1,881 words) in 2 products

GANGES RIVER. The Ganges (Gaṅgā), considered the holiest of India's rivers, is 1,560 miles long. Rising at Gangotri in the Himalayas, this great river flows through the North Indian plain and into the Bay of Bengal. To...
About 9 pages (2,575 words) in 3 products

A ganglion is a cluster of neuron cell bodies which occur outside the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). Neurons are made up of the cell body, with dendrites to conduct nerve impulses towards it and an axon to conduct nerv...
About 1 pages (313 words) in 2 products

Gangrene is the destruction of body tissue by a bacteria called Clostridium perfringens, or a combination of streptococci and staphylococci bacteria. C. perfringens is wide-spread in soil and the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. I...
About 8 pages (2,246 words) in 3 products

Gangsta rap is the most controversial style of the rap music genre. It has achieved global prominence through its vivid sexist, misogynistic, and homophobic lyrics, as well as its violent depiction of urban ghetto life in America. Gangsta ...
About 14 pages (4,123 words) in 2 products

(2001 pop. 29,000). The capital of Sikkim State in northeastern India, Gangtok ("top of the hill") is wedged between Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan on a long ridge flanking the Ranipul River, with breathtaking Himalayan views. It w...
About 13 pages (3,770 words) in 2 products

(2002 est. combined pop. 3.2 million). Kangwon Province, one of two provinces divided between North and South Korea, is located on the central eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula. Its combined area is 28,050 square kilometers, with 16,89...
About 1 pages (270 words) in 2 products

Ganja is a Hindi word (derived from Sanskritic) for the HEMP plant, Cannabis sativa (marijuana); the term ganja entered English in the late seventeenth century. Ganja is a selected and potent preparation of MARIJUANA used for smoking. The ...
About 7 pages (2,087 words) in 2 products

(2002 est. pop. 27.1 million). Gansu (Kansu) Province is located in northern China at the upper reaches of the Huang (Yellow) River. In the west, the province borders on Qinghai and Xinjiang, in the north on Mongolia, in the east on Ningxi...
About 11 pages (3,313 words) in 2 products

(b. 1940), Chinese writer and Nobel Laureate. Gao Xinjiang, the first Chineselanguage writer awarded the Nobel Prize in literature, in 2000, was born in 1940 in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China, and grew up in a family that encouraged his ...
About 1 pages (360 words) in 1 product

The Gap casual apparel stores have become a ubiquitous fixture in malls and urban shopping districts around the world. Their high-quality, classic designs have remained wardrobe staples for youthful customers, older shoppers, and their chi...
About 15 pages (4,612 words) in 2 products

GᾹṆAPATYAS are a sect of Hindus who regard Gaṇeśa (Ganapati) as their supreme object of devotion. They view Gaṇeśa, the elephant-faced son of Śiva and Parvati, as the form of ultimate realit...
About 3 pages (839 words) in 1 product

The study of garbage, through either archaeological excavation of landfills or analysis of fresh garbage, to determine what the composition of municipal solid waste says about the society that generated it. The term is associated with the ...
About 2 pages (645 words) in 2 products

Gardens are enclosed spaces, distinguished from the fields where staple crops are grown and from the rocks, forests, marshes, and tundra of the wilderness. There are zoological gardens, and parks for animals, but plant gardens do not usual...
About 283 pages (84,992 words) in 3 products

Where the American settler had wilderness at his or her doorstep, the contemporary American has created the lawn, a buffer of pseudo-nature between the public and private domain. Tending this landscape ornament has grown into an American p...
About 9 pages (2,560 words) in 2 products

Evans, Gareth(1946–1980) As an undergraduate from 1964 to 1967, Gareth Evans, a British philosopher of language and mind, studied for the PPE degree (philosophy, politics, and economics) at University College, Oxford, where his phil...
About 14 pages (4,132 words) in 2 products

GARIFUNA RELIGION. The Garifuna are an ethnic group numbering roughly 300,000 with communities in some 40 villages dotting the Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, and Belize. Their traditional ancestor-focused religion pres...
About 41 pages (12,260 words) in 3 products

The Garo are a tribal people of India, about half a million of whom live in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya, northeastern India. Others live in neighboring West Bengal, Assam, Nagaland, and Tripura. In Meghalaya they are the major Scheduled Tr...
About 2 pages (532 words) in 2 products

1911-1996 American algebraist and applied mathematician whose most important work is his theory of lattices, which influenced the development of quantum mechanics. Birkhoff believed strongly in applying mathematical concepts and had much s...
About 2 pages (629 words) in 2 products

Trained as a biologist (University of Chicago undergraduate degree; Ph.D. from Stanford in 1942 in microbial ecology) Garrett Hardin spent most of his career at the University of California at Santa Barbara, where his title was Professor o...
About 11 pages (3,271 words) in 4 products

Garrigou-Lagrange, RÉginald Marie(1877–1964) Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange notably influenced the revival of Thomism in some European and American philosophical circles. He was born Gontran-Marie Garrigou-Lagrange at...
About 0 pages (0 words) in 1 product

Garrison Keillor (born 1942), host of public radio's popular A Prairie Home Companion and author of the best-selling Lake Wobegon Days, has made a career of telling stories about the fictional Minnesota town of Lake Wobegon and the lives o...
About 137 pages (41,075 words) in 16 products

"I was mediocre journalist, a mediocre musician, a mediocre actor, a mediocre athlete. I had to find something I could do well."1 A surprising beginning for a man who, on the night of January 28, 1979, had created the three toprated shows ...
About 16 pages (4,925 words) in 7 products

Garth Brooks, the best-selling recording artist of all time, symbolizes the evolution of "new wave" country music in the late twentieth century. Brooks was popular in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s with a blend of co...
About 25 pages (7,546 words) in 3 products

Garve, Christian(1742–1798) Christian Garve, the German "popular philosopher," was born in Breslau. After studying at Frankfurt an der Oder, Halle, and Leipzig, he became extraordinary professor of philosophy at Leipzig...
About 0 pages (0 words) in 1 product

Gary Cooper (1901-1961) possessed a distinctive screen image that mirrored much that was worthy in the American character. By box office figures, Cooper was the most popular male film star of the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. Although he had gr...
About 17 pages (5,224 words) in 4 products

American computer engineer who, with Robert Benner and John Gustafson, made significant contributions to the field of parallel computer processing. Parallel processing is the practice of linking a number of small computers together to form...
About 0 pages (89 words) in 1 product

Gary Snyder was born in San Francisco, California. He has married three times, the first two marriages ending in divorce. In 1950 he married Alison Gass and was divorced in 1951; in 1960 he married Joanne Kyger and was divorced in 1964. Hi...
About 517 pages (155,232 words) in 50 products

A gas is a state of matter, the others being solids and liquids. Gases are distinguished from the other states by the amount of energy the constituent molecules have. With gases the molecules making up the gas have virtually completely fre...
About 5 pages (1,498 words) in 2 products

Compressed air is used in a variety of ways—from stoking a fire to propelling a jet aircraft --and is produced by many types of machines. Although such mechanisms as pile drivers, fans, or drills use air under pressure to perform som...
About 8 pages (2,420 words) in 2 products

Respiratory gaseous exchange occurs between the interior of an organism and the environment. In all animals with a vascular system, in which the blood transports respiratory gases, there is a twofold gaseous exchange within actively respir...
About 4 pages (1,242 words) in 2 products

The waste gases that escape from factories or power plants running on fossil fuels typically contain a variety of pollutants, including carbon monoxide, particulates, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur. The first of these pollutants, carbon mon...
About 5 pages (1,608 words) in 2 products
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