City (pop., 2001 prelim.: 793,217), central Poland. Located southwest of Warsaw, it was a village in the 14th century and gained municipal rights in 1798. The Russian-ruled Congress Kingdom of Poland established it as a centre of the texti...

David Wark Griffith (1875-1948), American filmmaker, was a pioneer director-producer who invented much of the basic technical grammar of modern cinema. On Jan. 22, 1875, D.W. Griffith was born at Crestwood, Oldham County, Ky., the descenda...

Ancient country, central Europe. Roughly equivalent to modern Romania, the area's earliest known inhabitants were Getae and Dacian people of Thracian stock. Known for its rich silver, iron, and gold mines, the region was made a Roman provi...

DADDY GRACE. Charles M. "Daddy" (1881–1960) Grace was the founder of the United House of Prayer for All People of the Church on the Rock of the Apostolic Faith. A combination of Daddy Grace's grandiosity, his fo...

Metropolitan city (pop., 2003 est.: 2,540,647), capital of North Ky&obreve;ngsang province, southeastern South Korea. For centuries the administrative, economic, and cultural centre of South Korea, it developed during the Chos&obreve;n dyn...

(born 1821—died 1898) Father of the last ruling Korean king, Kojong (r. 1864–1907), and regent (1864–73). As regent, Taewon-gun inaugurated reforms to strengthen the central government. He also modernized Korea's armies. ...

DAGAN (Dagān) was a West Semitic god, well known in ancient Syria and ancient Palestine. He is mentioned in texts from Ebla (Tell Mardīḫ, in Northern Syria) dating to the mid-third millennium BCE, in which his name occ...

Dai Viet Su Ky, also known as Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu, designates a collection of historical chronicles written by several different authors over a period extending from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries. Le Van Huu (1230–13...

DAINAS. In Baltic cultures, the songs known in Latvian as dainas and in Lithuanian as dainos deal with two fundamental cycles, the life cycle of humans and the festival cycle of the agricultural seasons. Although they are often referred to...

Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki (1870-1966) was a Japanese translator, teacher, and constructive interpreter of Zen Buddhist thought to the West. Teitaro Suzuki was born in Kanazawa in western Japan on October 18, 1870. His ancestors as well as his...

James' manipulation of appearances in Daisy Miller as well as other character's notions of these appearances provides us with a novella of enigmatic and fascinating characters. Daisy, the most complicated of these ambiguities, is as myster...

The Dalai Lama (Lhamo Thondup; born 1935), the 14th in a line of Buddhist spiritual and temporal leaders of Tibet, fled to India during the revolt against Chinese control in 1959 and from exile promoted Tibetan religious and cultural tradi...

(born Nov. 24, 1888, Maryville, Mo., U.S.—died Nov. 1, 1955, Forest Hills, N.Y.) U.S. lecturer and author. Born into poverty, he worked as a traveling salesman and an actor before he began teaching public speaking at a YMCA in New Yo...

The NFL's Dallas Cowboys have been characterized as America's team, thanks to their winning ways and their once squeaky clean image. Their immense popularity comes largely from their success, for the team has won five Super B...

With the 1980 episode that answered the question "Who Shot J.R.?," Dallas became the most-watched program in the history of television. The originator of the prime-time soap opera, Dallas' serial stories about the expl...

Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it was present alone. The pressure exerted by one gas in a mixture of gases is the partial ...

Union territory (pop., 2001: 158,204), west-coastal India. Its capital is the town of Daman (pop., 2001 prelim.: 35,743). It consists of two widely separated administrative districts: Daman, on the Gujarat coast north of Mumbai (Bombay), a...

Alar is the trade name for the chemical compound daminozide, manufactured by the Uniroyal Chemical Company. The compound has been used since 1968 to keep apples from falling off trees before they are ripe and to keep them red and firm du...

Damon Runyon was one of the most popular journalists and writers during the first half of this century. After he died in 1946, Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows adapted Runyon stories and characters into the Broadway musical hit, Guys and Dolls,...

Daniel Singer Bricklin was the principle designer of the VisiCalc spreadsheet program, founder of Software Arts and, subsequently, Software Garden, Inc. This work earned him the unofficial title, "The Father of the Spreadsheet." Daniel Bri...

Dan Rather succeeded Walter Cronkite as anchor of the CBS Evening News on March 9, 1981. After he took over the anchor desk, CBS News dissolved into turmoil due to budget cuts and new owners, and the ratings slipped. Rather had solid crede...

Dancing has been regarded as a social institution in America for over a century. Many famous dance venues, from the Cotton Club and Roseland in New York, the Avalon Ballroom on Catalina Island, Aly Baba in Oakland, to the Old Roosevelt Hot...

Movement therapy uses body movement to affect physiological functioning. It includes muscle and tissue manipulation, education and awareness, breathing and emotional expression, and specific movement patterns. Movement therapy is used to e...

One of the Prophets of the Hebrew scriptures, the central figure in the book of Daniel. The book is a composite work, written partly in Hebrew and partly in Aramaic. The first six chapters tell of Daniel and his adventures in Babylon, incl...

The American sociologist Daniel Bell (born 1919) greatly influenced American political and economic thought through his books The End of Ideology and The Coming of the Post-Industrial Society. Born in Brooklyn in 1919 to Jewish immigrant p...