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(c. late 1500s–c. early 1600s), Ladino poet. Fernando Bagonbanta is credited with writing some of the earliest Tagalog poetry written in the Spanish alphabetic form. These poems appeared in early catechisms and served to teach Filip...
About 1 pages (155 words) in 1 product

In 330 BCE, during his military campaigns in Bactria and Central Asia, Alexander of Macedon founded a city fifty miles north of the modern city of Kabul in Afghanistan, at the confluence of the Ghorband and Panjsher Rivers, and named it Al...
About 3 pages (874 words) in 2 products

city, west-central Luzon, Philippines. After the United States occupied the Philippines in 1898, Governor William Howard Taft and other officials proposed the pleasant site nestled in pine-clad hills at about 4,900 feet (1,500 m) to serve ...
About 11 pages (3,330 words) in 2 products

Bahaʾi is a relatively new world religion that was founded and initially developed in Iran in the 1860s. It emerged from Iranian Shiʾa Islam and drew most of its initial adherents from the earlier Babism movement in Iran. Adh...
About 88 pages (26,483 words) in 4 products

(1775–1862), last Mughal emperor of India. Born in Delhi, Bahadur Shah II, second son of Akbar Shah II (reigned 1806–1837), was the last Mughal emperor of India, reigning over a large part of the Indian subcontinent from 1837...
About 1 pages (301 words) in 2 products

archipelago and state on the northwestern edge of the West Indies. Formerly a British colony, The Bahamas became an independent country within the Commonwealth in 1973. The name Bahamas is of Lucayan Taino (Arawakan) derivation, although s...
About 51 pages (15,417 words) in 5 products

WALĪ ALLĀH, SHĀH. Shāh Walī Allāh (AH 1114–1176/1703–1762 CE), Quṭb al-Dīn Aḥmad, was born in a village called Phulit in the district of Muzaffarnagar and was rai...
About 6 pages (1,891 words) in 2 products

small Arab state situated in a bay on the southwestern coast of the Persian Gulf. It is an archipelago consisting of Bahrain Island and some 30 smaller islands. Its name is from the Arabic term al-bahrayn, meaning “two seas.” L...
About 64 pages (19,160 words) in 5 products

BAHĀʾĪS follow the teaching of the Bāb and Mīrzā Ḥusayn ʿAlī Nūrī, later known as Bahāʾ Allāh (Baháʾuʾlláh, accor...
About 10 pages (3,134 words) in 1 product

ALL-FATHER. Nineteenth-century reports on southeastern Australia showed a widespread belief in a male spirit who transcended others in this part of the continent. Known by diverse names, including Baiame, Bunjil, Daramulun, Kohin, and Mung...
About 4 pages (1,238 words) in 2 products

The double boiler— water-bath or bain-marie—was invented by a woman known as Maria the Jewess, Mary the Jewess, Maria Prophetissa, or Miriam the Prophetess. An alchemist of either the first or second century a.d. who lived in A...
About 3 pages (738 words) in 2 products

SCHENIRER, SARAH (1883–1935), was a pioneer in religious education for Jewish females and founder of Bais̀ Yaʿaḳov educational institutions. Born to a Belzer Hasidic family in Kraków, descendant of rabbin...
About 6 pages (1,651 words) in 2 products

(1873–1937), Kazakh poet, journalist, linguist, educator. Akhmet Baitursynov, born 15 January 1873 in Turgai Oblast, is most noted for his efforts to standardize Kazakh orthography. While Baitursynov was still a child, his father, B...
About 3 pages (801 words) in 2 products

Belgian-born chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland (1863-1944), working independently, patented Bakelite in 1909. For several years Baekeland had been searching for a solvent to dissolve the product of a condensation reaction between formaldehyde ...
About 5 pages (1,621 words) in 2 products

Augusta Braxton Baker, an African-American librarian, storyteller, and activist, was born on April 1, 1911, in Baltimore, Maryland. Her school-teacher parents put strong emphasis on the importance of education and the joys of reading, and ...
About 4 pages (1,093 words) in 1 product

Baker, Lynne Rudder(1944 Philosophy of Mind. Bibliography Baker, Lynne Rudder. Explaining Attitudes: A Practical Approach to the Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Baker, Lynne Rudder. Persons and Bodies: A Constitution View....
About 0 pages (0 words) in 1 product

A nomadic group inhabiting the mountains of Khuzestan, a province in southwestern Iran, the Bakhtiari number almost 900,000. Traditionally, they migrate seasonally with their livestock between summer and winter pastures. The Bakhtiari are ...
About 6 pages (1,689 words) in 2 products

Bakili MuluziPresident (pronounced "ba-KIH-ree moo-LOO-zee") "There is evidence that countries that embrace democracy experience economic growth." The landlocked Republic of Malawi, formerly called Nyasalan...
About 11 pages (3,257 words) in 2 products

Baking powder is a leavening agent, which is a substance that helps baked goods rise. It is based on baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, which has the ability to neutralize acids. When baking soda is mixed with an acidic ingredi...
About 3 pages (1,031 words) in 2 products

(born July 23, 1856, Ratnagiri, India—died Aug. 1, 1920, Bombay) Indian scholar and nationalist. Born to a middle-class Brahman family, Tilak taught mathematics and in 1884 founded the Deccan Education Society to help educate the mas...
About 12 pages (3,638 words) in 2 products

Difference in value over a period of time between a nation's imports and exports of goods and services. The balance of trade is part of a larger economic unit, the balance of payments, which includes all economic transactions between resid...
About 12 pages (3,674 words) in 2 products

Balanced polymorphism is a situation in which two different versions of a gene are maintained in a population of organisms because individuals carrying both versions are better able to survive than those who have two copies of either versi...
About 4 pages (1,247 words) in 2 products

BALARĀMA is a Hindu god, the elder brother of the god Kṛṣṇa. He is sometimes considered as the third of the three Rāmas, and thus the eighth avatāra of Viṣṇu; at other times he appear...
About 7 pages (2,035 words) in 2 products

Species of sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) that occurs inland along rivers and large lakes. Strikingly handsome, it is the only eagle native solely to North America, and it has been the U.S. national bird since 1782. The adult, about ...
About 15 pages (4,362 words) in 2 products

in Norse mythology, the son of the chief god Odin and his wife Frigg. Beautiful and just, he was the favourite of the gods. Most legends about him concern his death. Icelandic stories tell how the gods amused themselves by throwing objects...
About 4 pages (1,324 words) in 1 product

Lack or loss of hair, either permanent (from destruction of hair follicles) or temporary (from short-term follicle damage). Male pattern baldness is inherited and affects up to 40% of men; treatments are transplanting of follicles f...
About 21 pages (6,246 words) in 3 products

Hair transplantation is a surgical procedure used to treat baldness or hair loss. Typically, tiny patches of scalp are removed from the back and sides of the head and implanted in the bald spots in the front and top of the head. Hair trans...
About 17 pages (5,147 words) in 2 products

Baldwin I (ca. 1058-1118), a Norman known earlier as Baldwin of Boulogne and a chief lay leader of the First Crusade, reigned as king of Jerusalem from 1100 to 1118. Son of the Norman Count of Boulogne, Baldwin joined the First Crusade wit...
About 10 pages (3,113 words) in 3 products

island and propinsi (“province”) in the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the island of Java. Most of Bali is mountainous (essentially an extension of the central mountain chain in Java), the highest poin...
About 11 pages (3,169 words) in 2 products

People of the island of Bali, Indon. They differ from other Indonesians in adhering to Hinduism, though their culture has been heavily influenced by the Javanese. In Balinese villages each family lives in its own compound, surrounded by ea...
About 2 pages (621 words) in 2 products

Barong dances, among the most sacred in Bali, symbolize the intertwining of good and evil and the complex relationship between man and the supernatural. The term barong can apply to the dance, the mask, or the character depending on contex...
About 2 pages (475 words) in 2 products

BALINESE RELIGION. Eight degrees south of the equator, toward the middle of the belt of islands that form the southern arc of the Indonesian archipelago, lies the island of Bali, home of the last surviving Hindu-Buddhist civilization of In...
About 15 pages (4,452 words) in 3 products

The balisong is a Philippine butterfly knife with a blade and two mobile half-handles, which can be opened quickly with one hand. Balisong (literally "broken horn"—the handles of the knife were traditionally made from ...
About 1 pages (292 words) in 2 products

 
spherical or ovoid object for throwing, hitting, or kicking in various sports and games. The ball is mentioned in the earliest recorded literatures and finds a place in some of the oldest graphic representations of play. It is one of the e...
About 22 pages (6,708 words) in 2 products

One of the two types of rolling, or antifriction, bearings (the other is the roller bearing). Its function is to connect two machine members that move relative to one another so that the frictional resistance to motion is minimal. In many ...
About 5 pages (1,488 words) in 2 products

Ballad of Dogs’ Beach by José Cardoso Pires Born in São João do Peso, in central Portugal on February 2, 1925, José Cardoso Pires moved to Lisbon with his family while he was still a child. He completed hi...
About 0 pages (0 words) in 1 product

 
theatrical dance in which a formal academic dance technique—the danse d'école—is combined with other artistic elements such as music, costume, and stage scenery. The academic technique itself is also known as ballet. Bal...
About 22 pages (6,518 words) in 4 products

science of the propulsion, flight, and impact of projectiles. It is divided into several disciplines. Internal and external ballistics, respectively, deal with the propulsion and the flight of projectiles. The transition between these two ...
About 7 pages (2,112 words) in 2 products

large airtight bag filled with hot air or a lighter-than-air gas, such as helium or hydrogen, to provide buoyancy so that it will rise and float in the atmosphere. Transport balloons have a basket or container hung below for passengers or...
About 9 pages (2,569 words) in 2 products

During the period of time when the European pioneers were moving across the United States and Canada, they adapted a Scandinavian method of building houses called mortise-and-tenon construction, in which the projecting tenon at the end of ...
About 2 pages (537 words) in 1 product

Baluchi is the name of an ethnic group, most of whom inhabit the province of Baluchistan in modern Pakistan. Other Baluchi live in Afghanistan and Iran, and a small number are found in Turkmenistan, Oman, and the coast of East Africa. Thei...
About 2 pages (520 words) in 2 products

Baluchistan, a mountainous region overlapping Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, consists of Baluchistan Province in southwestern Pakistan (2002 pop. 7.2 million, 344,747 square kilometers; capital Quetta) and Baluchestan va Sistan Province ...
About 1 pages (316 words) in 2 products

Baltasar and Blimunda by José Saramago José Saramago was born in 1922 in Azinhaga, in the Ribatejo province of Portugal, but his family moved to Lisbon when he was still a child. His parents were not wealthy, so he completed h...
About 19 pages (5,743 words) in 2 products

Baltasar Jerónimo Gracián y Morales (1601-1658), Spanish humorist, satirist, baroque stylist, and philosophical novelist, is classed with the greatest prose masters of Spain's Golden Age. Born into a religious family in Calat...
About 11 pages (3,225 words) in 3 products

Orobio De Castro, Isaac(C. 1617–1687) Isaac Orobio de Castro was born Baltazar Orobio de Castro in Braganza, Portugal. He grew up among crypto-Jews who were trying to preserve some of their heritage in the face of the Spanish Inquis...
About 5 pages (1,482 words) in 2 products

Latvians, Lithuanians, and Old Prussians constitute the Baltic language and cultural unit. The Old Prussians, who lived in the territory of the present-day Kaliningrad district and eastern Germany, were conquered during the period of eastw...
About 53 pages (15,750 words) in 1 product

BALTIC SANCTUARIES. There are two types of Baltic sanctuaries. The first and most important type is the pagan sanctuary, which no longer exists but which has survived in countless legends, documented accounts, and evidence of sacrifice rit...
About 10 pages (3,013 words) in 1 product

The most remote region of Pakistan, Baltistan lies in the portion of Jammu and Kashmir that is controlled by Pakistan. It is situated in the Northern Mountains, at Pamir-Nod, where the Hindu Kush, Pamir, Karakorum, and Himalayan Mountains ...
About 7 pages (2,130 words) in 2 products

 
BURMESE RELIGION. The Burmese people, for the purpose of this article, are the majority population of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma, the westernmost country of mainland Southeast Asia. The language they speak is Burmese (or ...
About 29 pages (8,679 words) in 3 products

Any of the tall, treelike grasses, found in tropical and subtropical to mild temperate regions, that make up the subfamily Bambusoideae, family Poaceae (or Gramineae). Bamboos are giant, fast-growing grasses with woody stems. A few species...
About 19 pages (5,561 words) in 3 products
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