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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which class did Whittington's dissenter say Aysehaia should be in?

2. Why did Whittington's next classification pose a problem?

3. What is the problem with the Burgess Shale in relation to many of the similarities and distinctions?

4. What do bats superficially resemble?

5. What happened after Whittington published his monograph on Naraoia?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Morris find that is so shocking?

2. What new species does the fourth act concentrate on?

3. Why did classifying Naraoia pose a problem for Whittington?

4. Why wasn't the discovery of the Burgess Shale and its consequent new shift in perspective a gradual change?

5. What did Collins do when faced with the prevention of Des Collins excavation of Walcott's quarry?

6. Why is David Burton's published monograph on Sidneyia an important milestone?

7. What new view did Whittington hold after working on Naraoia?

8. How does Gould describe the relationship between Oxford advisors and their students?

9. Describe Wiwaxia.

10. What two major discoveries did Derek Briggs make?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In Chapter 1, Gould examines Walcott's inaccurate interpretation of the ladder and cone convention. Using this example, and others found in Chapter 1 or 2, agree or disagree with the following question: does Gould or Walcott present a more convincing argument concerning the ladder and cone interpretation? Present your paper with an arguable thesis that uses three solid examples from the book.

Essay Topic 2

Act 1 discusses the new Burgess Shale animal, Opabinia. Pick one other animal and then write a thorough essay that compares and contrasts Opabinia with the other animal. Compile at least three major examples provided by Gould's book that examine their similarities and differences.

Essay Topic 3

Chapter 2 focuses on the myth of the laboratory and of field work. What does Gould have to say about the myths behind these work stations? Discuss three examples that explain how Gould presents these working stations as mythic. Also, determine the similarities and differences between laboratory and field work.

(see the answer keys)

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