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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did Whittington approach Yohoia?
(a) Moderately liberally.
(b) Very liberally.
(c) More conservatively.
(d) Less conservatively.

2. Which genus was Whittington focused on classifying in Chapter Three?
(a) Hartoll.
(b) Marrella.
(c) Splendens.
(d) Minillera.

3. What was Leif Størmer's treatise on the Burgess Shale named?
(a) Treatise on Vertebrate Paleontology.
(b) Treatise on the Burgess Shale.
(c) Treatise on Plant and Fauna life of the Burgess Shale.
(d) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology.

4. What do the levels range from in the taxonomy of life?
(a) Orders to genera.
(b) Kingdom to species.
(c) Phyla to classes.
(d) Phyla to species.

5. When did Whittington publish a monograph on Yohoia?
(a) 1974.
(b) 1977.
(c) 1978.
(d) 1987.

6. After publishing his first monograph, which two graduate students did Whittington employ?
(a) Briggs Morris and Simon Conway.
(b) Barry Moser and Simeon Martin.
(c) Simon Conway Morris and Derek Briggs.
(d) Jeremy Morris and Derek Briggs.

7. What kind of lessons does Stephen Jay Gould draw from how the Burgess Shale was first interpreted?
(a) Religious and traditional lessons.
(b) Medieval and historical lessons.
(c) Methodological and philosophical lessons.
(d) Conservative and biological lessons.

8. What does the Burgess Shale represent that occurred 570 million years ago?
(a) The "Anthropological Explosion."
(b) The "Cambrian Explosion."
(c) The "Precambrian Explosion."
(d) The "Prezoaic Explosion."

9. Who was America's "greatest paleontologist and scientific administrator"?
(a) Dr. Doolittle.
(b) Charlie VanGuarden.
(c) Charles Doolittle Walcott.
(d) Charles Walmont.

10. What did Whittington attempt to do to many of the new species found in the Burgess Shale?
(a) Dissect them for a museum show.
(b) Cyrogenically preserve them.
(c) Reproduce them.
(d) Classify them into an already existing taxonomy.

11. What did Walcott think Opabinia was just another one of?
(a) Crustacean.
(b) Mollusk.
(c) Plant.
(d) Anemone.

12. What did Marella have that no trilobite shared?
(a) Two backs.
(b) Twenty ligaments.
(c) Large incisors.
(d) Appendages.

13. Of Whittington's team, who was more methodologically conservative?
(a) Simeon Martin.
(b) Derek Briggs.
(c) Whittington.
(d) Conway Morris.

14. What does the Precambrian Era contain?
(a) Physical, non-linear time and the advent of multi-cellular life.
(b) Geological, non-biological time and the advent of single-celled life.
(c) Rational, linear logic and the advent of single-celled life.
(d) Spatial, non-biological time and the decimation of single-celled life.

15. What are the evidences for Opabinia that are considered undeniable?
(a) The shape of its trunk and the segments of its gut.
(b) The shape of its carapace and the segments of its trunk.
(c) The segments of its gut and the shape of its trunk.
(d) The shape of its gut and the segments of its trunk.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the Burgess Shale?

2. Who discovered Harry Whittington's analysis of fauna decades later?

3. How many levels are there in the taxonomy of life?

4. What bizarre features does Opabinia possess?

5. What did Whittington later note that he labored under?

(see the answer keys)

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