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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the new methods Whittington and his team adopted help them do?
(a) Organize the fossils.
(b) Study the fossils.
(c) Recast the fossils.
(d) Transport the fossils.

2. What did Whittington shockingly find after the dissection of Opabinia?
(a) Another complete, yet smaller Opabinia.
(b) A baby Opabinia.
(c) Nothing underneath the carapace at all.
(d) Two hearts.

3. What is the Burgess Shale composed of?
(a) Invertebrates.
(b) Viruses.
(c) Vertebrates.
(d) Amoebas.

4. How many general stages of fauna are between the two faunas both eukaryotic and of the Burgess Shale?
(a) Two.
(b) Three.
(c) Four.
(d) Five.

5. Who proposes to use the Burgess Shale to illustrate the nature of history?
(a) Mary J. Gold.
(b) Stephen Jay Gould.
(c) Steven Kay Gold.
(d) Marie Janine Gold.

Short Answer Questions

1. What could Whittington not figure out to do about Marrella?

2. What does the evolution of life contain, according to Gould's explanations and illustrations?

3. What part did Whittington dissect of Opabinia?

4. How many years did Whittington spend on his 1979 monograph?

5. What did Walcott think Opabinia was just another one of?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are Marrella and Yohoia in terms of evolution?

2. What did people think Opabinia was and what did Whittington choose to believe about this idea?

3. Why could the acceptance of the new interpretation create within humans a psychological shock?

4. What was the difference between Simon Conway Morris and Whittington in the way that they worked?

5. Why is the Burgess Shale acknowledged as the most significant collection of fossils yet discovered?

6. How did Whittington try to uncover the bodily appendages of Opabinia?

7. What sorts of new procedures did Whittington's team use?

8. Name four levels of the taxonomy of life.

9. Why are the Burgess Shale's arthropod designs odd?

10. How is the Marrella splendens described in relation to the other Burgess Shale fossils?

(see the answer keys)

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