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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What bizarre features does Opabinia possess?
(a) No nose and three eyes.
(b) Twenty limbs.
(c) Frontal nozzle and five eyes.
(d) Eight noses and four eyes.

2. What does Gould's new interpretation emphasize about human evolution?
(a) It has a single order.
(b) It has five orders.
(c) It has two orders.
(d) It has no single order.

3. How was Walcott's taxonomy significantly updated?
(a) Including new genera and phyla.
(b) Including new marrella and phyla.
(c) Including new phyla and manera.
(d) Including new manera and genera.

4. What did Marella have that no trilobite shared?
(a) Two backs.
(b) Large incisors.
(c) Twenty ligaments.
(d) Appendages.

5. How many levels are there in the taxonomy of life?
(a) None.
(b) Few.
(c) Several.
(d) Hundreds.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does the Burgess Shale represent that occurred 570 million years ago?

2. What did Whittington do after assigning his students to work on some of the other genera?

3. What could Whittington not classify Marella with?

4. When did Whittington begin studying Opabinia?

5. What is the Burgess Shale?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Whittington try to uncover the bodily appendages of Opabinia?

2. How is the Marrella splendens described in relation to the other Burgess Shale fossils?

3. How is the Precambrian Era defined?

4. What is the boundary between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras famous?

5. What did using these new methods allow Whittington's team to do?

6. What did Stephen Jay Gould desire to use the Burgess Shale for?

7. What did Leif Størmer decide to do in contrast to Walcott?

8. Why is the Burgess Shale acknowledged as the most significant collection of fossils yet discovered?

9. Why are the Burgess Shale's arthropod designs odd?

10. Why did Whittington approach Yohoia less conservatively?

(see the answer keys)

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