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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In northern Canaan, Adath, the "Important Lady of the _____________" rules in Ugarit in the 14th century BCE.

2. Brother-sister marriage is seen in Egypt in order to give _______ access to royal privilege as international marriages were prohibited.

3. Myths that grow from a religion serving a female deity view ______________ differently from those created by male-oriented religions.

4. Eridu worships a fish or water god, which is consistent with their introducing __________ in their society.

5. What kind of Sumerian writing allows the historians of the day to be able to find literature that was written about history?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Merlin Stone say that society portrays the modern women and her inherent qualities?

2. How does male dominance begin to creep into once female-ruled societies?

3. Early Sumerian tablets associate the Divine Ancestress with particular towns. What are three of these towns' names?

4. How does the Goddess movement and belief system survive, even though the male deity movement continues to take hold?

5. Describe the vanguard of the battle ax cultures, as Merlin Stone and others describe them.

6. What are the three types of evidence which seem to point out the existence of the Goddess in Upper Paleolithic times?

7. Describe the battle ax cultures in terms of what their presence was like during their arrival and contact with Goddess-worshiping Middle Easterners.

8. Who do women appear as in civil litigation during the times of the Egyptians, according to papyri?

9. What is similar in the Paleolithic and Neolithic figurines of the Goddess?

10. What are some of the freedoms women in classical Greece still get access to?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

While the idea of God being a woman is a compelling one, it seems there may not be enough evidence to back this claim up.

Part 1: Why do you think God being a woman is a plausible idea? What evidence is available?

Part 2: Why do you think God being a woman is not a reasonable argument?

Part 3: Do you think clear evidence is necessary in order for the author of the book to convince the reader? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

As groups conquered other lands, they forced their religion and their beliefs on those they conquered.

Part 1: Why was it important to spread one's religion and beliefs to other countries?

Part 2: Why were some people resistant to changing their beliefs?

Part 3: Why did some of these conquering people try to incorporate old beliefs in with the 'new' beliefs they brought to the lands?

Essay Topic 3

The role of sex and sexual relations is one that is much different in Goddess-based societies.

Part 1: Why do you think women in the past were not in more committed and monogamous relationships?

Part 2: Why do you think these sorts of relationships worked in those times?

Part 3: What do you think of men these days who 'sleep around'? How are they seen? How are women who 'sleep around' seen in today's society?

(see the answer keys)

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