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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who charges Inanna with stealing the gifts of civilization from him, according to Stone?
(a) Gilgamesh
(b) Enki
(c) Enlil
(d) Indru

2. Various Hatti Goddesses survive the battle of the Hittites, and are known as the __________.
(a) Throne
(b) Family
(c) Group
(d) Guild

3. What is the name of the Indo-European group who live directly south of the Hittites in Cicilia?
(a) Luvians
(b) Porthos
(c) Levites
(d) Indonesians

4. Hat-Hor is symbolized by a ________ with a cobra on her forehead, as the nature of Ua Zit is retained in the culture.
(a) Horse
(b) Pig
(c) Cow
(d) Snake

5. During her six year reign, Queen Athalia reestablishes __________ which angers the Hebrew priest
(a) Wiccanism
(b) Paganism
(c) Judaism
(d) Catholicism

6. Who were the darker skinned Goddess worshiping people who were seen to be culturally superior?
(a) Indo-Aryan barbarians
(b) Dravidians
(c) Hebrews
(d) Sumerians

7. The Upper Paleolithic existence of the Goddess is speculative since it precedes ______________.
(a) Religion
(b) Writing
(c) Pictures
(d) Academic life

8. __________, "Lord of the mountains," kills Danu and her son Vrtra, causing cosmic waters to flow, which gives birth to the sun.
(a) Andu
(b) Indra
(c) Sophocles
(d) Astarte

9. Who is the Sumerian Queen of Heaven, according to historical scholars and to evidence from the time period?
(a) Isis
(b) Inanna
(c) Astarte
(d) Hecate

10. Robertson Smith claims the Semitic religion results from the juxtaposition of ___________ worship and a female kinship system.
(a) Crop
(b) Ancestor
(c) Light
(d) Nature

11. At Nimrud, documents show that women still serve as ____________ and magistrates in the 8th century BCE.
(a) Witnesses
(b) Accusers
(c) Juries
(d) Judges

12. Which area has the sex roles for society reversed and where a warrior-Goddess is worshiped?
(a) Israel
(b) Egypt
(c) Ethiopia
(d) Libya

13. Some priestesses act as _______, providing military and political advice to royalty, though the men begin to outnumber them.
(a) Oracles
(b) Singers
(c) Scholars
(d) Priests

14. _____________ is the name given by scholars to Cretan cultural sites on the Greek mainland.
(a) Mycenae
(b) Portos
(c) Ethos
(d) Athens

15. Priestly scribes appear to write out of ____________ motive more than religious fervor about supreme male deities and the institution of kingship.
(a) Ethical
(b) Moral
(c) Personal
(d) Political

Short Answer Questions

1. Greek accounts of women defending ancient shrines and expelling invaders may be the basis for ____________ legends.

2. One theory is that the woman's ability to produce ___________ so awes men that they worship women.

3. Klein suggests that home ownership in early societies makes _________ depend on __________.

4. What do the words 'bala' in Sanskrit, or bull, and 'tura' from Akkadian times mean?

5. Egypt practices ___________ when they need to determine property and descent in the society.

(see the answer keys)

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