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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What Goddess is said to be the Goddess of the Southern part of Egypt before 3000 BCE?
(a) Cobra Goddess
(b) Vulture Goddess
(c) Gold Goddess
(d) Water Goddess

2. Who is the Sumerian Queen of Heaven, according to historical scholars and to evidence from the time period?
(a) Isis
(b) Astarte
(c) Inanna
(d) Hecate

3. Stone discovers that what she thought about sun/moon gods and earth/heaven symbolism is ____________.
(a) Correct
(b) Incomplete
(c) A lie
(d) Wrong

4. The Adam and Eve myth tells a female children her entire ______ is easily tricked, defiant, and provoking, according to Stone.
(a) Religion
(b) Soul
(c) Manner
(d) Sex

5. At Nimrud, documents show that women still serve as ____________ and magistrates in the 8th century BCE.
(a) Juries
(b) Accusers
(c) Judges
(d) Witnesses

Short Answer Questions

1. ___________ figures are everywhere: in fire sacrifices, astral bodies, lightning, skin color, and some of the gods - Brahma, Mithra, and Dyaus Pitar.

2. Robertson Smith claims that in Arabia, all traits of the dominant Goddess are transferred to the _____________ before she is subordinated.

3. At some point, the Goddess acquires a male who becomes her lover or consort, but she retains _____________.

4. Female deities are extolled for their roles as healers, with female priestesses serving as _____________.

5. In "The Golden Ass," the Goddess speaks of herself as ___________, manifesting herself in various gods and goddesses.

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the female deity of the time represented as when seem in pictures and in other works of art?

2. Describe the vanguard of the battle ax cultures, as Merlin Stone and others describe them.

3. What do surviving documents seem to suggest about the writings of priestly scribes during the time of the battle ax warriors?

4. What are some of the rights women are given in the Code of Hammurabi?

5. How does male dominance begin to creep into once female-ruled societies?

6. What are some of the freedoms women in classical Greece still get access to?

7. Why does brother-sister marriage develop in Egyptian times, according to scholar Dr. Margaret Murray?

8. How does the Goddess movement and belief system survive, even though the male deity movement continues to take hold?

9. During the 18th dynasty in Egypt, women's roles are severely changed - what did they change to and from?

10. How did Middle East societies look at the Goddess in their ancient times?

(see the answer keys)

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