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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did most Americans regard Pearl Harbor?
(a) As a normal combat engagement.
(b) As a well-executed attack.
(c) As an aberration.
(d) As the typical type of battle to be expected.

2. According to the author, what was the last war in which soldiers were at least theoretically thought of as unique individuals with distinct identities?
(a) The Crimean War.
(b) The American Civil War.
(c) World War I.
(d) The Spanish-American War.

3. How common was sexual intercourse as an anodyne compared with drinking?
(a) It was slightly less common.
(b) It was slightly more common.
(c) It was much more common.
(d) It was equally common.

4. Throughout Chapter 6, the author describes enlisted men as being which of the following?
(a) Faceless.
(b) Pitiable.
(c) Poor.
(d) Ignorant.

5. The rumor about German sympathizers conveying intelligence to the enemy suggested that they were relaying what type of information?
(a) Air strike flight plans.
(b) Troop movements.
(c) Troop locations.
(d) Artillery locations.

6. Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that most contemporaneous war histories depicted military blunders?
(a) Benign.
(b) Costly.
(c) Rare.
(d) Funny.

7. Most hazing would best be described as what?
(a) Tedious.
(b) Dangerous.
(c) Doctrinal.
(d) Creative.

8. Most proponents of precision bombing suggested that it be used to destroy what enemy targets?
(a) Civilian populations.
(b) Ground troops.
(c) Industry.
(d) Fortifications.

9. According to one rumor, female axis agents were sent to the allies with what?
(a) Poison lipstick.
(b) Bombs.
(c) Concealable radios.
(d) Venereal diseases.

10. What was Ernie Pyle's profession?
(a) Senior enlisted serviceman.
(b) Author.
(c) Junior officer.
(d) Journalist.

11. Casualties among bombers crews would best be described as which of the following?
(a) Negligible.
(b) Low.
(c) Non-existent.
(d) High.

12. What types of bombers were believed to be key to the war-effort?
(a) Heavy bombers.
(b) Fighter-bombers.
(c) Jet-propelled bombers.
(d) Medium bombers.

13. American's believed that what typically American resource would allow them to win the war?
(a) Industry.
(b) Know-how.
(c) Improvisation.
(d) Individualism.

14. How did much of the American public react to initial reports of violence, chaos and casualty figures?
(a) They ignored them.
(b) They refused to believe them.
(c) They were uninterested.
(d) They were appalled.

15. Japanese troops were typically stereotyped as being what?
(a) Poor shots.
(b) Courageous.
(c) Ignorant.
(d) Untrustworthy.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the American armed services, the term "chickenshit" referred to what?

2. How common was the use of alcohol as an anodyne?

3. How important was a rumor's accuracy and predictive success for its tendency to spread?

4. Allegedly, agents working for the axis spread what rumor?

5. According to the author, the hazing of enlisted men by officers would best be described as which of the following?

(see the answer keys)

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