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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How does Hawking think we should try to understand the beginning of the universe?
(a) In terms of scientific laws.
(b) In terms of scientific arguments.
(c) In terms of philosophy.
(d) In terms of religious theories.

2. What may be a law of nature?
(a) Lifestyle.
(b) Inflation.
(c) Decompression.
(d) Condensation.

3. What was the twentieth century's other complete conceptual revolution?
(a) Molecular physics.
(b) Quantum geology.
(c) Molecular biology.
(d) Quantum theory.

4. What was everywhere when the universe was small?
(a) Atomic effects.
(b) Quantum effects.
(c) Molecular effects.
(d) Particle effects.

5. What did this theory of curved spaces help Einstein and Marcel Grossman to do?
(a) Curve space.
(b) Mark time accurately.
(c) Generate a proof.
(d) Build another theory.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why is it important that the sky is dark?

2. What did Einstein suggest concerning the speed of light?

3. What is a p = 2 brane?

4. What did the philosopher Immanuel Kant worry about concerning time and Newton's model?

5. Who were unconvinced by the ideas of an infinite past and future?

Short Essay Questions

1. Briefly describe Einstein's involvement in the events of WWII.

2. Why do ground state fluctuations have serious effects on the quantum theory of gravity?

3. What is considered to be expanding in our universe, and why does Hawking think this is beneficial?

4. What did Einstein do in 1905 that launched him to the top of the scientific community?

5. What does the E = mc2 equation show?

6. What kind of history might the universe have, according to quantum mechanics?

7. What does it mean for stars to be red-shifted or blue-shifted?

8. What was the bedrock of relativity theory, and what did it imply?

9. What is vacuum energy?

10. What did Penrose and Hawking's theory have to say about the universe's history?

(see the answer keys)

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