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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Protecting the Past.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did Hubble find about collections of stars?
(a) They are sometimes red-shifted and blue-shifted.
(b) Super novas are common in collections of stars.
(c) Collections of stars always have two megastars.
(d) Black holes can be found within large collections of stars.

2. When was Einstein born?
(a) 1879.
(b) 1798.
(c) 1899.
(d) 1867.

3. How does Hawking think we should try to understand the beginning of the universe?
(a) In terms of philosophy.
(b) In terms of scientific laws.
(c) In terms of religious theories.
(d) In terms of scientific arguments.

4. What is a p = 1 brane?
(a) A box.
(b) A string.
(c) A plane.
(d) A cone.

5. What sort of lengths do P-branes have?
(a) Vertical lengths.
(b) Circular lengths.
(c) Horizonal lengths.
(d) Directional lengths.

Short Answer Questions

1. What kind of probability must this universe generate to produce a macroscopic time loop?

2. How did the universe initially expand?

3. What equation shows mass and energy are equivalent?

4. What did Einstein assume about scientific laws?

5. What is the name of Hawking's conjecture about the laws of physics and macroscopic time travel?

(see the answer key)

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