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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Ono Kenji has co-edited a book on the Nanking massacre, the first work to be based completely on Japanese sources. During what year is the book published?

2. Which of the following newsreel reporters are NOT on board when the USS Panay is attacked?

3. By spring of 1938, all BUT WHICH of the following functions have resumed in Nanking?

4. Japanese soldiers break into Nanking University Hospital after the massacre and steal all BUT WHICH of the following from nurses?

5. The Japanese occupation of Nanking finally ends during what year?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe Nanking's economic situation after the massacre.

2. What information and assistance do the surviving American and European eyewitnesses and their families give Chang?

3. What contribution does Dr. Bretton Lee Douglas make to the publication of the book?

4. Describe the postwar differences between Japan and Germany that have allowed the Rape of Nanking to go largely unnoticed while the Holocaust is acknowledged world wide.

5. Describe the biological warfare used by the Japanese in an attempt to exterminate Chinese civilians.

6. Why do the Japanese encourage narcotic use among the Chinese?

7. Why are John Rabe's diary accounts of Nanking so explosive and important when they are finally released?

8. Describe the efforts of Japanese textbook editors to censor information about the Rape of Nanking in school textbooks.

9. Describe the role of Chang's parents in the writing of this book.

10. Briefly describe the International Military Tribunal for the Far East trials.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the historical vision of Nanking with the version seen after the Japanese occupation. What major changes could be noticed? How had the population changed? How had the focus of the city changed?

Essay Topic 2

Emperor Hirohito and his family were granted immunity for all wartime actions in exchange for Japan's surrender. In a well-developed essay, discuss whether or not this action was justified. Use supporting material from the text to analyze how much the emperor knew of the events in Nanking, and to what extent other members of the imperial family should or should not have been held accountable.

Essay Topic 3

To what factors can the behavior of Chinese soldiers and officers be attributed during the abandonment of Nanking? What mentality explains the soldiers' disorganized efforts to leave the city, and their attempts to disguise themselves so as not be recognized as soldiers?

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