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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In "Six Weeks of Terror," what is the primary Japanese strategy for the invasion of Nanking?

2. What mood does the commander of Nanking find when he arrives at the river dock?

3. During which year does the author say she first realized the Nanking massacre was historically accurate and not simply myth?

4. According to Kirby, what motivates the Japanese soldiers to behave in such a horrible manner?

5. Ms. Chang informs the reader that the Rape of Nanking is told from all BUT WHICH of the following points of view?

Short Essay Questions

1. As the Japanese army begins mass executions in Nanking, what becomes their most pressing problem, and how do they resolve it?

2. Briefly describe Wilhelmina (Minnie) Vautrin's role in the Nanking Safety Zone.

3. What are the responses of Japan and China when Nanking falls, as described by William Kirby in the Foreword?

4. Briefly explain the twentieth-century Japanese cultural identity, as detailed in "The Path to Nanking."

5. In "Six Weeks of Horror," why do the Chinese civilians in Nanking initially believe that the Japanese occupation may not be so bad?

6. Briefly describe the three different occupations of Nanking.

7. Describe the process by which new Japanese soldiers were desensitized.

8. What does the author accomplish by referring to Nanking as a "forgotten Holocaust," according to Kirby?

9. Describe the attitude of Lieutenant Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro about Japan's future in his book, quoted in "The Path to Nanking."

10. Describe the preparations the Chinese government ordered the citizens to undertake in order to prepare for possible invasions after the fall of Shanghai.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the various responses of the Chinese women in Nanking to the widespread rapes committed by Japanese soldiers. Why did so few women fight back? Be sure to include the responses of the women who found themselves pregnant afterward, and also include supporting material from the text.

Essay Topic 2

To what factors can the behavior of Chinese soldiers and officers be attributed during the abandonment of Nanking? What mentality explains the soldiers' disorganized efforts to leave the city, and their attempts to disguise themselves so as not be recognized as soldiers?

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast the different methods used to rescue the Chinese population of Nanking by John Rabe, Robert Wilson, and Minnie Vautrin. Be sure to use material from the text to support the essay.

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