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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A historian at the Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences has compiled the most accurate estimate of how many were killed in Nanking. What figure has he reached?
(a) 201,000.
(b) 15,000.
(c) 106,000.
(d) 227,400.

2. What can be considered ironic about John Rabe as a defender of the Safety Zone?
(a) He accomplishes good by accident.
(b) He is Japanese.
(c) He is a Nazi.
(d) He doesn't speak any Asian languages.

3. "The Path to Nanking" states that Japan's golden era of prosperity comes to an end during which decade?
(a) 1940s.
(b) 1930s.
(c) 1920s.
(d) 1890s.

4. In what year does Japan withdraw from the League of Nations?
(a) 1936.
(b) 1933.
(c) 1930.
(d) 1934.

5. In the Foreword, what is the date given for the fall of Nanking?
(a) December 13.
(b) October 4.
(c) December 25.
(d) November 8.

Short Answer Questions

1. For how many years does the conflict between China and Japan last?

2. Who is the Japanese imperial army major who writes a report of confession while awaiting trial for his crimes?

3. In "The Path to Nanking," the author states that the Japanese Samurai code of conduct is called what?

4. In the Introduction, Ms. Chang quotes which of the following authors as stating that to forget a holocaust is to kill twice?

5. Chang says in "The Fall of Nanking" that which of her own family members barely manage to stay together while evacuating Nanking?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the broad time line and details of the Rape of Nanking as outlined in the Introduction.

2. Briefly describe the five methods of torture used by the Japanese soldiers in their attempt to exterminate the population of Nanking.

3. Describe how Tang Shunsan was able to survive his encounter with Japanese soldiers.

4. Briefly explain the twentieth-century Japanese cultural identity, as detailed in "The Path to Nanking."

5. Describe the methods used by the Japanese army to subdue the larger Chinese population of Nanking, as described in "Six Weeks of Terror."

6. What are the responses of Japan and China when Nanking falls, as described by William Kirby in the Foreword?

7. Describe the attitude of Lieutenant Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro about Japan's future in his book, quoted in "The Path to Nanking."

8. What was Japan's isolationist foreign policy intended to accomplish, and in what ways did that policy backfire?

9. As discussed in "The Fall of Nanking," what are the reasons historians have found for why Nanking fell in four days with so many Chinese soldiers present to defend the city?

10. What does the author accomplish by referring to Nanking as a "forgotten Holocaust," according to Kirby?

(see the answer keys)

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