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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. During the Rape of Nanking, the Japanese outdo all BUT WHICH of the following massacres?
(a) Stalin in Russia.
(b) Timur Lenk at Delhi.
(c) Christians during Spanish Inquisition.
(d) Romans at Carthage.

2. In "The Nanking Safety Zone," which of the following do the International Committee members NOT have to provide for the refugees in the Safety Zone?
(a) Shelter.
(b) Clothing.
(c) Food.
(d) Medical care.

3. What is the geographical area mentioned as the main site of the Japanese/Chinese conflict at the time Nanking fell?
(a) Hunan Gorge.
(b) Yangtze Valley.
(c) Sichuan Valley.
(d) Suzhou Plains.

4. What kind of resistance does the Japanese army meet when it gets to Nanking?
(a) Practically nonexistent.
(b) Well-organized.
(c) Not well-organized.
(d) Nearly impossible to match.

5. The Rape of Nanking was kept quiet by all BUT WHICH of the following countries?
(a) Republic of China.
(b) Germany.
(c) United States.
(d) People's Republic of China.

Short Answer Questions

1. On December 13, 1937, Japanese soldiers are ordered to execute all Chinese prisoners of war for all BUT WHICH of the following reasons?

2. By which decade does the author state in "The Path to Nanking" that Japan had launched an undeclared war on China?

3. According to the Introduction, Africans believe World War II began in which year?

4. After Nanking falls, how many people are housed in the Safety Zone?

5. After the Japanese victory at Shanghai, Chinese officials do all BUT WHICH of the following to prepare for possible attacks elsewhere?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Japan's isolationist foreign policy intended to accomplish, and in what ways did that policy backfire?

2. According to Chang at the end of "The Nanking Safety Zone," what is chilling about the number of refugees in the Nanking Safety Zone?

3. Briefly describe Wilhelmina (Minnie) Vautrin's role in the Nanking Safety Zone.

4. In the Introduction, Chang states that various countries view World War II as having different start dates. To what can this disagreement be attributed?

5. What does the author accomplish by referring to Nanking as a "forgotten Holocaust," according to Kirby?

6. What are the responses of Japan and China when Nanking falls, as described by William Kirby in the Foreword?

7. In what way can we now think of Nanking as a different sort of turning point, according to Kirby?

8. At what point does the author state that she became aware of the Rape of Nanking, and what caused her to doubt the accuracy of the information with which she had been presented?

9. According to the Introduction, in what two ways was Japan's mindset as it set out to conquer neighboring nations similar to the way Nazi Germany's mindset would be a few years later? How are the two tactics related?

10. According to Kirby, what haunts Chinese-Japanese relations today, and why?

(see the answer keys)

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