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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When Nanking falls, Japanese soldiers round up tens of thousands of Chinese men and commit all BUT WHICH of the following atrocities?
(a) Soak them with gasoline and burn them alive.
(b) Mow them down with machine guns.
(c) Use them for bayonet practice.
(d) Blindfold and bury them alive.

2. Chang says in "The Fall of Nanking" that which of her own family members barely manage to stay together while evacuating Nanking?
(a) Cousins.
(b) Parents.
(c) Aunt and uncle.
(d) Grandparents.

3. To which infamous Nazi is Nakajima Kesago compared in the "Six Weeks of Terror" chapter?
(a) Hitler.
(b) Himmler.
(c) Prutzmann.
(d) Eichmann.

4. To whom does Kirby refer when he states that Ms. Chang has used the unimpeachable testimony of third-party observers?
(a) Government officials and historians.
(b) Victims and perpetrators.
(c) Newspapers and tabloids.
(d) Foreign missionaries and businessmen.

5. After the order to retreat is given, what route is left open to leave Nanking without encountering Japanese soldiers?
(a) East.
(b) South.
(c) West.
(d) North.

Short Answer Questions

1. For how many years does the conflict between China and Japan last?

2. In "Six Weeks of Horror," Chang states that Japanese soldiers use all BUT WHICH of the following methods to exterminate Chinese civilians?

3. In comparison to Germany, what percentage of war reparations has Japan paid the victims of Nanking?

4. What World War II event has helped the world believe the myth that Japan was a victim and not an instigator?

5. To whom does the leader of the Nationalists shift the responsibility for defending Nanking after the fall of Shanghai?

Short Essay Questions

1. In the Introduction, Chang states that various countries view World War II as having different start dates. To what can this disagreement be attributed?

2. Describe Matsui Iwane's reaction to the events in Nanking after he was once again well enough to take command of the soldiers.

3. What are the responses of Japan and China when Nanking falls, as described by William Kirby in the Foreword?

4. Describe the methods used by the Japanese army to subdue the larger Chinese population of Nanking, as described in "Six Weeks of Terror."

5. What reasons does Chang give in the Introduction as to why the Rape of Nanking is not as well known as the Holocaust or other tragic events?

6. According to the Introduction, in what two ways was Japan's mindset as it set out to conquer neighboring nations similar to the way Nazi Germany's mindset would be a few years later? How are the two tactics related?

7. As discussed in "The Fall of Nanking," what are the reasons historians have found for why Nanking fell in four days with so many Chinese soldiers present to defend the city?

8. Briefly describe Robert Wilson's role in the Nanking Safety Zone.

9. Describe the attitude of Lieutenant Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro about Japan's future in his book, quoted in "The Path to Nanking."

10. Briefly describe the three different occupations of Nanking.

(see the answer keys)

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