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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. From the total perspective, what does Heschel say are demands rather than fulfillments?

2. Some writers in the Bible say that emotions and feelings have been inspired by whom?

3. Another theory regarding the inspiration of the prophets regarded the prophetic act as what?

4. What does the Stoic sage aim for?

5. An emotional religion of sympathy is more compatible with the prophet's mentality than a religion of what?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe one theory of the state of mind of the prophets at the time they were receiving the words of God.

2. What does Heschel describe as the end to indifference?

3. Who was Marcion?

4. What was Spinoza's idea about the prophets and does Heschel agree?

5. How does Heschel explain the beliefs that the prophets were frauds?

6. Why does Heschel say Karma is opposed to prophetic thinking?

7. How does Heschel think much of the Bible should be looked at?

8. Do all scholars agree with Philo's view of ecstasy and the prophets?

9. What does Heschel say gives the prophets the courage to speak out?

10. What is one difference between apathy and pathos, as explained by Heschel?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Choose one of the following prophets: Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, Micah, Jeremiah, Habakkuk, and Second Isaiah. Discuss the prophet in detail, including who he is, where he came from, what he did, his prophecy, etc.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss nonfiction. Distinguish it from fiction. In your discussion include genres of nonfiction, their purposes, what types were used in this book, were they used well, etc.

Essay Topic 3

Justice was an important theme for the prophets. Define what justice meant to the prophets. Discuss what problems there were with justice. Pick two prophets and explain how they dealt with the issue of justice.

(see the answer keys)

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