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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Heschel alludes to the fact that to describe God in any terms implies that God is what?
(a) Not all knowing.
(b) Imperfect.
(c) Not all powerful.
(d) Sinful.

2. What subject area did Philo develop?
(a) Religious sympathy.
(b) Apathy.
(c) Biblical translations.
(d) Biblical prophecy.

3. Heschel states that it is important to distinguish between the objective and subjective aspects of what?
(a) Ecstasy.
(b) The prophetic consciousness of God.
(c) Biblical prophecy.
(d) Religious sympathy.

4. Who declared ecstasy to be a definitive mark of a prophet?
(a) Philo.
(b) Alexander.
(c) Aristotle.
(d) Plato.

5. If ecstasy were a requirement for a prophet, which prophets of the Old Testament would not have been classified as prophets?
(a) Second Isaiah and Habakkuk.
(b) Daniel and Zechariah.
(c) Micah and Jonah.
(d) Moses and Isaiah.

Short Answer Questions

1. What were the prophets overwhelmed with in addition to emotion?

2. What prophet did God send to Nineveh?

3. When was Marcion expelled from his church?

4. In early Israel, the gift of poetry was regarded as what?

5. What does Tao mean?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Heschel think it is hard for people to understand the wrath of God?

2. Why does Heschel call indifference evil?

3. Do all scholars agree with Philo's view of ecstasy and the prophets?

4. What is the purpose of ecstasy, as explained by Heschel?

5. What is Democritus's view of poets and divine inspiration?

6. What is ecstasy?

7. Describe one theory of the state of mind of the prophets at the time they were receiving the words of God.

8. How does Heschel explain the beliefs that the prophets were frauds?

9. What does Heschel say gives the prophets the courage to speak out?

10. What was Spinoza's idea about the prophets and does Heschel agree?

(see the answer keys)

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