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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Heschel contends that the prophets were in what state of mind when they received God's call?
(a) State of passivity.
(b) State of ecstasy.
(c) State of consciousness and awareness.
(d) State of madness.

2. The fundamental feature of divine reality, present in the prophet's consciousness, is described as what?
(a) Karma.
(b) Compassion.
(c) Pathos.
(d) Prophetic religion.

3. Heschel points out that God's wrath is what?
(a) Righteous and just.
(b) Vengeful.
(c) Like people's wrath.
(d) Terrible.

4. What does Heschel describe as not a goal, but a challenge, a commitment, a state of tension?
(a) Pathos.
(b) Ecstasy.
(c) Prophetic sympathy.
(d) Prophetic ethos.

5. From what civilization do we get the legacy that great poetry comes into being through madness?
(a) Greek.
(b) Jewish.
(c) Roman.
(d) Egyptian.

Short Answer Questions

1. In contrast to the Stoic sage, Heschel characterizes the prophet as what?

2. Why did some scholars reject the idea of pathos?

3. What did the prophets talk about in addition to God's wrath and judgment?

4. What cultural/religious doctrines did Philo try to mix in his studies?

5. Some writers in the Bible say that emotions and feelings have been inspired by whom?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Heschel think it is hard for people to understand the wrath of God?

2. What is the purpose of ecstasy, as explained by Heschel?

3. Does Heschel say God always been considered a loving and good God?

4. To what does Heschel compare the descriptions of prophecy?

5. What is one difference between apathy and pathos, as explained by Heschel?

6. What is Heschel's theory of ecstasy and the prophets?

7. What was Spinoza's idea about the prophets and does Heschel agree?

8. Describe one theory that Heschel discusses regarding prophets and their revelations from God.

9. What is ecstasy?

10. How does Heschel describe God?

(see the answer keys)

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