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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Heschel describe as not a goal, but a challenge, a commitment, a state of tension?
(a) Pathos.
(b) Prophetic sympathy.
(c) Prophetic ethos.
(d) Ecstasy.

2. The fundamental feature of divine reality, present in the prophet's consciousness, is described as what?
(a) Karma.
(b) Prophetic religion.
(c) Compassion.
(d) Pathos.

3. What is the ultimate purpose of ecstasy?
(a) Knowledge of one's self.
(b) Union with the divine.
(c) Apathy.
(d) Pathos.

4. What were the prophets overwhelmed with in addition to emotion?
(a) The need for action.
(b) The need to go off and pray.
(c) The need to be respected.
(d) The need to speak with God.

5. When did Heschel examine the state of mind of the prophets with respect to the theory of ecstasy?
(a) When they were receiving the words of God.
(b) When they were prophesying.
(c) When they were praying.
(d) When they were speaking.

6. Heschel contends that the prophets were in what state of mind when they received God's call?
(a) State of passivity.
(b) State of consciousness and awareness.
(c) State of madness.
(d) State of ecstasy.

7. Heschel says that Moses would have taught what kinds of rules of right living to the people?
(a) Unusual rules.
(b) Simple rules.
(c) Complex rules.
(d) Bizarre rules.

8. In what belief is there no grace or repentance for sin, just cause and effect?
(a) Islam.
(b) Tao.
(c) Karma.
(d) Christianity.

9. What subject area did Philo develop?
(a) Biblical translations.
(b) Apathy.
(c) Religious sympathy.
(d) Biblical prophecy.

10. Heschel admits that pathos is both a paradox and what?
(a) A mystery.
(b) A divine concept.
(c) Easy to explain.
(d) A commandment.

11. Heschel states that it is important to distinguish between the objective and subjective aspects of what?
(a) Religious sympathy.
(b) The prophetic consciousness of God.
(c) Biblical prophecy.
(d) Ecstasy.

12. What cultural/religious doctrines did Philo try to mix in his studies?
(a) Greek and Islamic.
(b) Egyptian and Islamic.
(c) Jewish and Egyptian.
(d) Greek and Jewish.

13. If ecstasy were a requirement for a prophet, which prophets of the Old Testament would not have been classified as prophets?
(a) Micah and Jonah.
(b) Second Isaiah and Habakkuk.
(c) Moses and Isaiah.
(d) Daniel and Zechariah.

14. What does Heschel define as the belief in the temporary separation of the soul from the body when a person is asleep, sick, or in a trance state?
(a) Prophecy.
(b) Sympathy.
(c) Pathos.
(d) Ecstasy.

15. The nature of man's response to divine reality corresponds to what?
(a) His apprehension of the divine.
(b) His prayer life.
(c) His knowledge of God.
(d) His religious serendipity.

Short Answer Questions

1. In early Israel, the gift of poetry was regarded as what?

2. Heschel said that some of the beliefs that the prophets were frauds came from an era when people wanted what?

3. Some writers in the Bible say that emotions and feelings have been inspired by whom?

4. What is the origin of pathos?

5. One view that Heschel discusses is that an outstanding feature of a poet's consciousness is the sense of being what at the moment of inspiration?

(see the answer keys)

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