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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is correlated with a difference in creatures that inhabit a region?

2. What type of species do many islands lack?

3. What is one of the most serious objections to natural selection?

4. What do naturalists say about the situation of hybrids resembling their parents?

5. What does the fossil record suggest about species that go extinct?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are three facts that can be explained by natural selection as discussed in Chapter 11?

2. How does the age of the earth play into natural selection?

3. What undermines the belief that the infertility of species, when crossed, is the result of Divine institution?

4. What does Darwin suggest about the fossil records of trilobites?

5. How can the phenomenon of ancient species resembling current living groups be explained?

6. How are fossils classified?

7. Why can't climate account for differences in organisms from one region to the next?

8. Why do rudimentary organs pose a problem for theorists that species were created independently?

9. Describe the process of egg-laying of the European cuckoo.

10. How does natural selection explain the behaviors of Formica rufescens?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Accidental means of dispersal is one type of migration. Do you think this is an affective means of migration? When this occurs, do you think a species will need to adapt, or could they remain the same? Explain your answer.

Essay Topic 2

Darwin discusses the difference between natural and artificial, or domestic breeding. How does Darwin feel about both types of breeding in terms of natural selection? Do you think he would prefer one type of breeding over the other? Explain your answer.

Essay Topic 3

Darwin's theory of natural selection suggests that species adapt over time. Why do they adapt, and what is the purpose of these adaptations? What does this theory suggest that the adapting species are striving toward? What does this theory suggest about species that do not adapt?

(see the answer keys)

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