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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What can be said about organisms belonging to the same species?
(a) They have similar habits.
(b) They will change at the same rate.
(c) They will produce the same type of variations.
(d) They originated from the same location.

2. What do many organisms of oceanic islands resemble?
(a) Species of the closest land mass.
(b) Birds.
(c) Sea creatures.
(d) Each other.

3. In what type of species has perfect fertility of variations been demonstrated?
(a) Domestic.
(b) Mongrel.
(c) Wild.
(d) Hybrid.

4. What animal that is alive today could be considered an intermediate species of a mammal and the mastodon?
(a) Tiger.
(b) Mammoth.
(c) Elephant.
(d) Ox.

5. What does Darwin suggest that freshwater fish could develop through selection?
(a) Lungs.
(b) Ability to live in salt water.
(c) Gills.
(d) Ability to breathe out of water.

6. At what point is it necessary for animals to display traits that distinguish them from other organisms?
(a) During offspring-bearing age.
(b) During childhood.
(c) As an embryo.
(d) When they must fend for themselves.

7. In addition to the Formica rufescens, what other ant species takes slaves?
(a) Odontomachus bauri.
(b) Forelius pusillus.
(c) Formica sanguinea.
(d) Mycocepurus smithii.

8. What species of bee builds the most efficient hives?
(a) Bumblebees.
(b) Honeybees.
(c) Yellowjackets.
(d) Hive-bees.

9. How do some scientists try to explain the purpose of rudimentary organs?
(a) They add symmetry.
(b) They beat the process of natural selection.
(c) They serve as support filler.
(d) They were used by ancestors.

10. What insect does Darwin offer as an example of having a naturally selected trait that is NOT beneficial?
(a) Fly.
(b) Spider.
(c) Aphid.
(d) Bee.

11. What are variations typically related to in complex species?
(a) Age of the species.
(b) Environment.
(c) Organs.
(d) Numbers in the species.

12. What seems unlikely, but must be possible concerning the migration of fish?
(a) Southbound migration.
(b) Fresh to saltwater migration.
(c) Upstream migration.
(d) Accidental dispersal.

13. What is correlated with a difference in creatures that inhabit a region?
(a) The barriers of that region.
(b) Food supply.
(c) Mating potential.
(d) Migration patterns.

14. How do some scientists demonstrate the differences between species and variations?
(a) Through hybrids.
(b) Fossil records.
(c) Scientific method.
(d) Natural breeding.

15. What type of species do many islands lack?
(a) Crustaceans.
(b) Birds.
(c) Amphibians.
(d) Mammals.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the major limiting factor to migration?

2. Where is much of the evidence proving natural selection found?

3. What does the fossil record show about natural selection?

4. In Chapter 8, according to Darwin's example, what domesticated variety is NOT able to reproduce?

5. Why do scientists believe fossils do not exist at the bottom of the ocean?

(see the answer keys)

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