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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. As an example of a variation, what does Darwin indicate in Chapter 1 that is a change due to improved diet?
(a) Increased size.
(b) Higher intelligence.
(c) Lower intelligence.
(d) Decreased size.

2. Who is one individual that Darwin mentions as helping him in every way prior to the publication of The Origin of Species?
(a) Dr. Hooker.
(b) Edward Forbes.
(c) Dr. Lovette.
(d) Rev. W. Horbert.

3. Why are some useless organs sill found in animals?
(a) They were used by ancestors.
(b) All organs have a purpose.
(c) They have not been bred out.
(d) Selection takes time.

4. What do most organisms have a very good ability to do?
(a) Reproduce.
(b) Alter their biological makeup.
(c) Adapt.
(d) Migrate.

5. With respect to breeders, what leads to the development of different varieties of species when breeding?
(a) Purposeful selection.
(b) Natural selection.
(c) Accidental selection.
(d) Genetic selection.

6. What does natural selection favor in terms of increasing population?
(a) Traits that lead to reproduction.
(b) Traits that lead to sterility.
(c) Traits that do not lead to reproduction.
(d) Traits that lead to strength.

7. What do scientists attribute to organs that cannot be explained by natural selection?
(a) Disuse.
(b) Overuse.
(c) Use.
(d) Inheritance.

8. What can be said about the range of species that are closely related?
(a) They are typically very small.
(b) They are restricted.
(c) They are typically large.
(d) They are unrestricted.

9. What typically happens to a species that begins to vary and forms two distinct species?
(a) They will inhabit more area.
(b) One of the species will become extinct.
(c) They will be classified as sub-species.
(d) They will require more resources.

10. What type of relationship do organisms have with one another?
(a) Competitive.
(b) Environmental.
(c) Cooperative.
(d) Genetic.

11. Which of the following occurs when one type of variation causes variation in another part of an organism?
(a) Normal variation.
(b) Correlation of growth.
(c) Misallocation of variation.
(d) Mulitvariation.

12. What is unique about variation in polymorphic species?
(a) All invertibrates.
(b) Not dependent on internal factors.
(c) Dependent on external factors.
(d) Not dependent on external factors.

13. In what type of species are variations of the eye found?
(a) Humans.
(b) Dogs.
(c) Birds.
(d) Crustaceans.

14. What is unique about white cats with blue eyes?
(a) They are deaf.
(b) They are blind.
(c) They do not reproduce.
(d) They are not seen in the wild.

15. What typically happens when varieties are inter-breed?
(a) Offspring are weaker.
(b) Offspring are stronger.
(c) Variations die out.
(d) Variations increase.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the difference between the two types of variations discussed in Chapter 1: Variation Under Domestication?

2. What does the absence of complete facts with Darwin's theory open the theory up to?

3. What does natural selection say about the most distinct characteristic of a species?

4. What term refers to change from one generation to the next?

5. How many objections does Darwin say there are about natural selection?

(see the answer keys)

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