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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Goddard believed the mental deficients should be prevented from ____________.

2. What does 'g' stand for in a graph for factor analysis?

3. Gould thought that Eysenck's arguments were the result of __________ correlations.

4. Sir Cyril Burt was a medical tester who studied ___________.

5. The general intellectual knowledge of the child was calculated by subtracting the ________ age from his true chronological age.

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Cesare Lombroso have to say about criminal behavior?

2. What was Binet's major worry about the work he was doing with intelligence testing?

3. Who was Sir Cyril Burt?

4. What did Burt try to claim he had developed, though it was later shown to be a false claim?

5. What did Binet do in order to fulfill the obligations of his commission in 1904?

6. What did E.D. Cope believe affected the value of a person and the determination of their inferiority?

7. What were the three rules Binet set up to help prevent the misuse of his test?

8. What did Louis Bolk have to say about whites and blacks?

9. What did Ellis find happened to men who were living in urban areas?

10. What did Gould feel about Eysenck's arguments for black inferiority?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The idea of testing children in schools is one that is a normal part of life today, but it can have many issues in its effectiveness and in its logic. Binet understood this, and yet still seems to have created more problems in terms of studying intelligence in children.

Part 1: What are some of the problems that stemmed from Binet's test, related to the idea that intelligence is inevitable?

Part 2: What are some ways that heredity is confused within and between groups in relation to Binet's test?

Part 3: Many American psychologists did not follow Binet's rules for using his tests. What belief did this lead to?

Essay Topic 2

David Hume and Louis Agassiz worked on the idea of polygenism as it related to the superiority of the white race. Agassiz especially wanted to prove that blacks were inferior to whites, though his studies were problematic.

Part 1: What was the main idea behind Agassiz's work?

Part 2: What were the problems with Agassiz's study and its results?

Part 3: What were Agassiz's own experiences with blacks like? What was his reaction to those he did finally meet?

Essay Topic 3

Cyril Burt is distinguished in this book by having his own separate chapter in which he receives Gould's attention. This medical tester who studied twins seems to have created a theory based in improper studies and data collection.

Part 1: In relation to the errors of Cyril Burt, what is the definition of factor analysis?

Part 2: How did Burt use factor analysis incorrectly in his work?

Part 3: What are some of the other errors uncovered in Burt's studies of twins?

(see the answer keys)

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