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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What kinds of weaknesses is Gould looking to find in the arguments of other scientists presented in this book?
(a) Spiritual
(b) Psychological
(c) Ethical
(d) Scientific

2. Bean felt that the ______, or front part of the brain, was smaller in women than in men.
(a) corpus callosum
(b) frontal lobe
(c) amygdalla
(d) genus

3. Gould says the claims of inferiority are limited to ____________ even thought race, sex, and social class are tied together.
(a) one scientist
(b) one group
(c) one study
(d) one setting

4. The main question becomes, can ________ change the status of the inferior group?
(a) environment
(b) education
(c) medication
(d) DNA

5. What was Francis Galton's book published in 1869?
(a) Hereditary and Race
(b) Hereditary Explorations
(c) Hereditary Genius
(d) Hereditary Genus

6. What is the study of measuring the human head in order to assess intelligence called?
(a) Cranial-sacral therapy
(b) Psychology
(c) Craniometry
(d) Neurology

7. Who believes blacks are inferior but that intelligence should not be tied to the right for freedom?
(a) Racial ranking staff
(b) Red liners
(c) Hard liners
(d) Soft liners

8. The craniometry argument is the first __________ argument that has been offered.
(a) scientific
(b) reliable
(c) logical
(d) plausible

9. It was thought that black brains could not ____________ or absorb information.
(a) believe
(b) handle
(c) understand
(d) hear

10. Gould does not believe that ____________ change reflects changes in social concepts.
(a) scientific
(b) biological
(c) cultural
(d) racial

11. If inferiority is cultural, then it can be changed by __________ factors
(a) governmental
(b) environmental
(c) biological
(d) educational

12. In America, the theory of polygeny was supported by Louis __________.
(a) Agassi
(b) Smith
(c) Hume
(d) Agassiz

13. The author of "An American Dilemma" says that Americans and others would only consider the __________ factors when they were forced to.
(a) spiritual
(b) environmental
(c) biological
(d) educational

14. Blumenbach believed differences in races might be linked to __________.
(a) dood
(b) water supply
(c) DNA
(d) climate

15. According to Gould, science must be viewed in its ________ context since culture and environment also influence facts and theories.
(a) racial
(b) ethnic
(c) biological
(d) social

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Gould see Broca had formed before he ever started his research?

2. Who was the data analyst for the answer to #55?

3. Which Socrates work is Gould discussing at the opening of this book?

4. "Plato relied upon dialectic, the Church upon __________."

5. Which race was ranked last in the eyes of the practitioners of racial ranking?

(see the answer keys)

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