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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Gould says the claims of inferiority are limited to ____________ even thought race, sex, and social class are tied together.
(a) one setting
(b) one group
(c) one scientist
(d) one study

2. Who considered that other factors like general health and body size might also affect brain size?
(a) Franklin
(b) Broca
(c) Gratiolet
(d) Blumenbach

3. When did craniometry first appear in the study of intelligence?
(a) Late 19th century
(b) Early 19th century
(c) Last 18th century
(d) Early 18th century

4. Broca's numbers were based on his ______________, according to Gould.
(a) mathematics
(b) research
(c) family
(d) observations

5. Gould does not view the studies he will cover as _______ scientific practices.
(a) simplistic
(b) silly
(c) out of date
(d) bad

6. The craniometry argument is the first __________ argument that has been offered.
(a) logical
(b) reliable
(c) plausible
(d) scientific

7. Broca also thought that ________ should be denied the benefits of education due to smaller brains.
(a) leaders
(b) children
(c) women
(d) elderly people

8. Who was a 19th century anatomist who believed in the theory of polygenism?
(a) Serres
(b) Gould
(c) Broca
(d) Blumenbach

9. It was thought that black brains could not ____________ or absorb information.
(a) handle
(b) believe
(c) understand
(d) hear

10. The main question becomes, can ________ change the status of the inferior group?
(a) medication
(b) environment
(c) education
(d) DNA

11. The individual's social and economic status is determined by biology so any attempt to make changes has to be _________.
(a) unlikely
(b) impossible
(c) useful
(d) costly

12. "We now encounter the second ____________ - ranking..."
(a) opinion
(b) fallacy
(c) argument
(d) piece

13. Who were like white adolescents?
(a) Adult blacks
(b) Black children
(c) Adult Mongolians
(d) White children

14. What is the one category to which Socrates does NOT say people belong?
(a) Peasants
(b) Craftsman
(c) Auxiliaries
(d) Rules

15. Science means looking for the ________ based on facts.
(a) reality
(b) truth
(c) answer
(d) theory

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was the data analyst for the answer to #55?

2. What does Socrates believe all people should be?

3. Paul Broca was a professor of surgery in what city?

4. What did Gould see Broca had formed before he ever started his research?

5. Gould goes on to say that science has not been constrained by _________.

(see the answer keys)

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