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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the end Gillman ended up hiring ________ of James' suggestions for new faculty positions.

2. ___________ believed that mind and reality were abstract and a single process, humans use their ideas to cope in their environment.

3. Eventually G. Stanley Hall was able to talk his employer into sending him to _______ to study more.

4. ________ was fired from Johns Hopkins University due to his personal problems from the past.

5. Students in Dewey's classes were taught by _______.

Short Essay Questions

1. What did James finally comes to believe about the beliefs that people had?

2. Why was Cattell fired from Columbia University with the start of WWI?

3. Why was Pierce fired from his job at Johns Hopkins University around January of 1884?

4. What was happened that made it difficult for Dewey to get into Chicago to start his new job?

5. How were students taught at the laboratory school in Chicago by Dewey and the staff?

6. What is it said that pragmatism helps reformers, misfits, and geniuses do in their lives?

7. What was the theory put forth by Holmes' lecture series, "The Common Law?"

8. What did Dewey do after leaving the University of Michigan at the age of thirty-five?

9. What did Pierce have to do because of the cancer that ravaged his body in his later years?

10. Who created the Hull House in the poorest section of Chicago?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

It is curious that the main characters in this story are men and that the great thoughts of America seem to come only from men.

Part 1: Why do you think this book focused on the ideas of men rather than including more women thinkers?

Part 2: Why do you think women were unable to become a part of the Metaphysical Club?

Part 3: Do you think the author believes women did not contribute anything of value at this time? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

The inequality of races was something many scientists set out to prove during the early days of America.

Part 1: Why do you think other races were immediately seen as being inferior?

Part 2: Do you think it's fair to start a scientific discussion with an answer already in mind? Why or why not?

Part 3: Do you think people still believe that races and the genetics of different races lead to inequality or the presumed superiority of whites? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 3

To a certain extent, many of the families of the thinkers had certain advantages over other families in the area.

Part 1: Do you think it's fair for some families to have advantages in relation to education? Why or why not?

Part 2: If the educational playing field could be completely level, do you think there could be great thinkers? Why or why not?

Part 3: Why do you think so many of the thinkers in this story had the success they did?

(see the answer keys)

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