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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Holmes was eventually released from his commission and returned home. When he did he entered Harvard to study_________.
(a) Biology.
(b) Medicine.
(c) Law.
(d) Philosophy.

2. Benjamin and Charles caused fear in the United States because of their use of ___________ in the trial.
(a) Witnesses.
(b) Signatures.
(c) Fear tactics.
(d) Statistics.

3. William James spent a great deal of time and energy on being indecisive, but he was able to use it to create the idea of _________.
(a) Pragmatism.
(b) Antagonism.
(c) Separatism.
(d) Abolitionism.

4. Unlike Darwin, Charles Pierce did not believe that randomness __________.
(a) Serves a purpose.
(b) Is related to statistics.
(c) Is based on laws.
(d) Was a fact of nature.

5. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. was a(n) _________.
(a) Segregationist.
(b) Populist.
(c) Unionist.
(d) Abolitionist.

6. Before the war, Holmes considered _________ to be the center of intellectual thinking, like his father before him.
(a) Jamestown.
(b) Philadelphia.
(c) Boston.
(d) New York.

7. The Civil War caused the beliefs of previous times to be __________.
(a) Promoted.
(b) Discredited.
(c) Respected.
(d) Embraced.

8. _________ had more spindles of cotton than all of the eleven states of the South put together.
(a) Philadelphia.
(b) Raleigh.
(c) Jamestown.
(d) Boston.

9. What planet's discovery did Benjamin Pierce call 'a happy accident'
(a) Saturn.
(b) Neptune.
(c) Jupiter.
(d) Pluto.

10. ___________ felt that he was at a disadvantage because he had no formal education.
(a) Wilky James.
(b) Bob James.
(c) Henry James Jr.
(d) William James.

11. In 1854 __________ published a two-book set entitled Types of Mankind asserting the supremacy of the white race.
(a) Agassiz and Glidden.
(b) Nott and Agassiz.
(c) Nott and Glidden.
(d) Nott and James.

12. _________ graduated from the University of Vermont in 1858 and took the position of head of the philosophy department in 1867.
(a) Joseph Torrey.
(b) John Dewey.
(c) Sarah Paine Torrey.
(d) Henry Torrey.

13. Due to Henry James Sr.'s religious beliefs, his wife Mary Walsh had to resign her membership at the _________ church before their marriage.
(a) Presbyterian.
(b) Lutheran.
(c) Scottish Baptist.
(d) Swedenborgian.

14. Holmes joined the army because he felt that it was his duty to fight for what he believed. What was his first battle?
(a) The Battle of Bull Run.
(b) The Battle at Ball's Bluff.
(c) The Battle of Chancelorsville.
(d) The Battle of Antietam.

15. In January of 1861, Richard Hallowell hired Holmes as a body guard for __________.
(a) Wendell Phillips.
(b) John Brown.
(c) Dred Scott.
(d) Lovejoy.

Short Answer Questions

1. __________consisted mainly of abolitionists which was shown when it enrolled 34,000 out of 37,000 available men for the war.

2. After the murder of ________ Emerson's distrust of the South grew as did his affiliation with the abolitionists.

3. _________ believed that laws were tools used by judges to set guidelines but were not actual and definitive.

4. _________ was a Vermont Transcendentalist born in 1859 and was close to being socialist in viewpoint.

5. _______ used his studies of Black Egyptian skulls to conclude that black people had always been slaves.

(see the answer keys)

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