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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Holmes joined the army because he felt that it was his duty to fight for what he believed. What was his first battle?
(a) The Battle of Antietam.
(b) The Battle at Ball's Bluff.
(c) The Battle of Chancelorsville.
(d) The Battle of Bull Run.

2. 12 years out of school, Holmes wrote an article based on ________, the idea that if one does his job correctly and with honor, one should be fulfilled.
(a) Freedom.
(b) Jobbism.
(c) Separatism.
(d) Occupationism.

3. ________ took statistics from numbers to people and created social mechanics.
(a) Adrien Legendre.
(b) Carl Gauss.
(c) Pierre Laplace.
(d) Benjamin Pierce.

4. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. and Ralph Waldo Emerson worked together in order to found the ___________.
(a) Harvard Magazine.
(b) Atlantic Monthly.
(c) New Yorker.
(d) Boston Gazette.

5. Benjamin and Charles Pierce were called to verify the authenticity of a will document produced by __________.
(a) Edward Mott Robinson.
(b) Hetty Robinson.
(c) Isaac Howland Jr.
(d) Sylvia Ann Howland.

6. After the murder of ________ Emerson's distrust of the South grew as did his affiliation with the abolitionists.
(a) Phillips.
(b) James.
(c) Lovejoy.
(d) Holmes Sr.

7. _________ graduated from the University of Vermont in 1858 and took the position of head of the philosophy department in 1867.
(a) Henry Torrey.
(b) Joseph Torrey.
(c) John Dewey.
(d) Sarah Paine Torrey.

8. The method of least squares was used by Charles in his research for the Coast Survey which led to being considered one of the best ____________
(a) Statisticians.
(b) Meteorologists.
(c) Politicians.
(d) Astronomers.

9. ___________was a physician from Montgomery, Alabama that did not agree with slavery but was afraid of Black people.
(a) William James.
(b) Josiah Nott.
(c) Louis Agassiz.
(d) George Glidden.

10. ___________ disliked immigration and created a society of married women who demanded their husbands pay for housecleaning.
(a) Sarah Pierce.
(b) Hetty Robinson.
(c) Elizabeth Agassiz.
(d) Harriet Melusina Fay.

11. __________ talked the Belgian government into building an observatory and sending him to Paris to get training.
(a) Henry Thomas Buckle.
(b) Charles Pierce.
(c) Adolph Quetlet.
(d) Joseph Fourier.

12. Henry James Sr. was born again during the _________.
(a) Transcendentalist Movement.
(b) Great Second Awakening.
(c) Awakening.
(d) Civil War.

13. The war had been compared to _________ and the Union soldiers rallied themselves around it.
(a) The storming of the Bastille.
(b) The Crusades.
(c) The Trojan War.
(d) The War of Independence.

14. The Civil War caused the beliefs of previous times to be __________.
(a) Discredited.
(b) Promoted.
(c) Embraced.
(d) Respected.

15. ___________ felt that he was at a disadvantage because he had no formal education.
(a) Wilky James.
(b) William James.
(c) Henry James Jr.
(d) Bob James.

Short Answer Questions

1. Holmes was eventually released from his commission and returned home. When he did he entered Harvard to study_________.

2. _________ believed there could be no individual without society.

3. William James and Charles Pierce became friends while they were both attending ___________.

4. One member of the Metaphysical Club was Chauncy Wright also known as the local ____________.

5. Henry Sr. viewed _________ as he did everything, with a distrust of institutions.

(see the answer keys)

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