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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Due to Henry James Sr.'s religious beliefs, his wife Mary Walsh had to resign her membership at the _________ church before their marriage.
(a) Swedenborgian.
(b) Lutheran.
(c) Scottish Baptist.
(d) Presbyterian.

2. Holmes' experiences during the war led him to believe that imposing one's beliefs would always lead to __________.
(a) Change.
(b) Slavery.
(c) Violence.
(d) Peace.

3. The Battle of the Wilderness claimed 60,000 lives and was fought over the span of _________.
(a) 20 days.
(b) 60 days.
(c) 40 days.
(d) 30 days.

4. William James was an extreme ________ like his father, but disagreed with many of his father's ideals.
(a) Protestant.
(b) Catholic.
(c) Scottish Baptist.
(d) Platonist.

5. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. and Ralph Waldo Emerson worked together in order to found the ___________.
(a) Boston Gazette.
(b) Harvard Magazine.
(c) New Yorker.
(d) Atlantic Monthly.

6. _______ used his studies of Black Egyptian skulls to conclude that black people had always been slaves.
(a) William James.
(b) Samuel George Morton.
(c) Henry James Sr.
(d) Louis Agassiz.

7. In January of 1861, Richard Hallowell hired Holmes as a body guard for __________.
(a) John Brown.
(b) Lovejoy.
(c) Dred Scott.
(d) Wendell Phillips.

8. Before the war, Holmes considered _________ to be the center of intellectual thinking, like his father before him.
(a) Boston.
(b) New York.
(c) Jamestown.
(d) Philadelphia.

9. In 1854 __________ published a two-book set entitled Types of Mankind asserting the supremacy of the white race.
(a) Nott and Agassiz.
(b) Nott and James.
(c) Agassiz and Glidden.
(d) Nott and Glidden.

10. _________ states that the government is created by individuals for the purpose of protecting those individuals.
(a) Pragmatism.
(b) Conservative Individualism.
(c) Liberal Individualism.
(d) Transcendent Unity.

11. William James and Charles Pierce became friends while they were both attending ___________.
(a) Oxford University.
(b) Lawrence Scientific School.
(c) Harvard University.
(d) Cambridge University.

12. Whaling expeditions were often underwritten by agencies which were run by __________.
(a) Quakers.
(b) Protestants.
(c) Intellectuals.
(d) Volunteers.

13. __________consisted mainly of abolitionists which was shown when it enrolled 34,000 out of 37,000 available men for the war.
(a) Massachusetts.
(b) Vermont.
(c) New York.
(d) New Hampshire.

14. Unlike Darwin, Charles Pierce did not believe that randomness __________.
(a) Was a fact of nature.
(b) Serves a purpose.
(c) Is related to statistics.
(d) Is based on laws.

15. The dominant political party during the time of the Civil War was ________.
(a) Republican Party.
(b) Independent Party
(c) Democratic Party.
(d) Whig Party.

Short Answer Questions

1. Benjamin and Charles Pierce were called to verify the authenticity of a will document produced by __________.

2. Holmes was not present for the Battle of Fredericksburg and viewed it as _________.

3. Henry James Sr. preached _________ and stated that there was no room for morality.

4. The Battle of the Wilderness was fought by generals Lee and ________.

5. Many Southerners and Northerners found a problem with _________ because it seemed to contradict Genesis.

(see the answer keys)

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