View a FREE sample

This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. _______ used his studies of Black Egyptian skulls to conclude that black people had always been slaves.

2. ___________ published many newspaper columns and books through donations or self-publication.

3. Quetlet published several pieces that pointed to societal factors instead of biological factors. Which country in Europe were unsure of his work?

4. _________ founded the Metaphysical Club in 1872 in Cambridge.

5. Henry Dana, Charles Sumner and Charles Adams wanted to use the governmental system to stop the spread of slavery. They were _________.

Short Essay Questions

1. Why did Agassiz's second wife, Elizabeth Cabot Cary, open up a school in their home?

2. What was Webster's argument in terms of the legal battle between the two Darmouths which arose?

3. What was based on a combination of the theory of probability and statistics?

4. How did Benjamin Pierce view mathematics and its place within the scientific community?

5. Why did many people fear the idea of mathematical laws, such as the Law of Errors?

6. What happened with the job that Wright had with the American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac?

7. How was is said that Swedenborn created his religion, later becoming a religious leader?

8. What were the two events in Henry Sr.'s life which seem to have changed him and his actions?

9. What did Agassiz want to prove about the fish that James caught while traveling in Brazil?

10. What was in the essay that James read by a French philosopher which helped him to gain insight into two things?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Charles Pierce decided that he wanted to found the Metaphysical Club in order to get the help he needed with a law he was trying to complete.

Part 1: Do you think it's better to get input from others on work you do or to do work on your own? Why?

Part 2: Do you think it's fair to ask others to contribute to your theory and the story of your theory? Why or why not?

Part 3: Do you think the idea of the Metaphysical Club was a good one? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

Pierce decided he wanted to create a theory and a law of randomness which would contradict Darwin and Laplace's theories.

Part 1: Why do you think randomness is an important idea to study?

Part 2: Do you think the human behavior can be predicted with statistics? Why or why not?

Part 3: Do you believe the world has order or is everything completely random? Why?

Essay Topic 3

Pragmatism states that people are agents of their own destinies and was against systems but not individualistic.

Part 1: Do you believe that people are agents of their own destinies? Why or why not?

Part 2: Do you consider yourself a pragmatist? Why or why not?

Part 3: How does the study of pragmatism get God back into the human equation? Or doesn't it?

(see the answer keys)

This section contains 716 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) View a FREE sample