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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After the murder of ________ Emerson's distrust of the South grew as did his affiliation with the abolitionists.
(a) Lovejoy.
(b) James.
(c) Holmes Sr.
(d) Phillips.

2. One member of the Metaphysical Club was Chauncy Wright also known as the local ____________.
(a) Plato.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) Sophocles.
(d) Socrates.

3. After several political battles the school was administered by _________.
(a) Eleazer Wheelock.
(b) The original 12 member board of trustees.
(c) John Wheelock.
(d) Native Americans.

4. ___________was a protege of George Cuvier and Alexander von Humboldt.
(a) William James.
(b) Louis Agassiz.
(c) Samuel George Morton.
(d) Henry James Jr.

5. __________ states that since there is no unknown variable, the measurement is likely to be between the two extremes.
(a) The Bell Curve Law.
(b) The Law of Probability.
(c) The Law of Statistics.
(d) The Law of Errors.

Short Answer Questions

1. In January of 1861, Richard Hallowell hired Holmes as a body guard for __________.

2. Agassiz wrote a letter to ________ stating that he had not found any real evidence of the Ice Age in South America.

3. ___________was a physician from Montgomery, Alabama that did not agree with slavery but was afraid of Black people.

4. The Battle of the Wilderness claimed 60,000 lives and was fought over the span of _________.

5. The dominant political party during the time of the Civil War was ________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What are some examples of the ways that Ernest Holmes changed the tone of the Harvard Magazine as the editor?

2. What did James think about the relationship between science and society?

3. Why were many of Henry's writings published for the public to see in books and in newspapers?

4. What did Quetlet use the method of least squares for when he was doing his own research?

5. Define Charles Darwin's idea of natural selection in conjunction with the theory of evolution.

6. What were the two occupations between which William James kept having troubles making up his mind?

7. What was Webster's argument in terms of the legal battle between the two Darmouths which arose?

8. How did Benjamin Pierce view mathematics and its place within the scientific community?

9. How did the Abolitionists view the Unionists during the period of the Civil War?

10. Why did Marsh dislike the idea of liberal individualism when it was created by Locke?

(see the answer keys)

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