2. Why did businessmen immediately take to the telegraph?
(a) Businessmen could save money on travel expenses.
(b) Orders no longer had to be hand written.
(c) Businesses did not have to hire as many workers.
(d) Orders and market information could be transmitted quickly over long distances.

3. What jobs were created to handle the increasing number of telephone calls?
(a) Call center personnel.
(b) Secretaries.
(c) Switchboard operators.
(d) Office assistants.

4. Seventeenth numerical tables were set up so that what factor could be learned about each number?
(a) The logarithm.
(b) The square root.
(c) The base number.
(d) Pi.

5. Who suggested that the meaning of the word "entropy" mean the opposite of what it was originally, to describe the part of energy which was available to be converted into work?
(a) Albert Einstein.
(b) James Clerk Maxwell.
(c) Isaac Newton.
(d) Christian Doppler.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the modern meaning of "entropy"? "Entropy was not a kind of energy or an amount of energy," Gleick writes (p. 271). It was instead an abstract measurement of the unavailability of energy.

2. Prior to the electric telegraph, an invention by the same name was created by Claude Chappe and his brothers during what conflict?

3. What were the benefits of the early logarithm tables?

4. How did the telegraph advance weather forecasting?

5. Each square of Turing's imaginary machine would have what coding?

(see the answer key)

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