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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Foch say was the first condition of victory?

2. If Schlieffen wanted to be bold in his plans, what did Moltke want to do?

3. What event took place two hours after Grey finished speaking to the House of Commons in Chapter 9?

4. What humiliation in their past did the French want to avenge?

5. Why did France order a ten-kilometer withdrawal from its frontier on July 30?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the day called Der Tag?

2. Contrast Schlieffen’s bold plan of a right wing attack with his successor General von Moltke’s will to carry it out.

3. Who was appointed the new generalissimo of the French armies and what branch of the French military did he come from?

4. What kind of things did King Albert of Belgium hear when he visited Berlin in Chapter 8?

5. What was Plan 17?

6. How does the breakdown of German corps on their left, center, and right at the end of Chapter 2 (26) give the appearance of a sweeping hammer blow?

7. Why, right up until the invasion actually happened, did many still believe that the German armies would not actually invade Belgium?

8. What ultimatum did Germany send to Brussels?

9. Who controlled the area of Alsace when the war began, and who had controlled it before that?

10. What were the two parts of Britain’s ultimatum to Germany, of which only the second part was truly an ultimatum?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the psychological effect that the Russian had on Germans, summarized by the short phrase “ ‘Kosaken kommen!’ (The Cossacks are coming!)” (270) in Chapter 15.

Essay Topic 2

Explain the statement “Instantly converted from Marx to Mars” (74) at the beginning of Chapter 6.

Essay Topic 3

Describe the way that the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand sparked the outbreak of World War I.

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