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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Tuchman say “cast a long shadow upon the world” (137)?
(a) The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand.
(b) The voyage of the Goeben and the Breslau.
(c) The German ultimatum to the Belgians.
(d) The British ultimatum to Germany.

2. When the Grand Duke was appointed Comander in Chief of the Russian forces, why did he shed tears?
(a) Because he really did not want the job of Commander in Chief.
(b) Because he had wanted the job of Commander in Chief for his entire life.
(c) Because he realized that the Russian promises to aid the French was more than they could fulfill.
(d) Because he was overjoyed to use the Russians to help the French.

3. What was the gateway into Belgium from Germany?
(a) Alsace.
(b) Paris.
(c) Liege.
(d) Brussels.

4. Who was chosen as the new commander of the German Eighth Army?
(a) Ludendorff.
(b) Von Below.
(c) Hindenburg.
(d) Von Kluck.

5. On what day was Brussels occupied by the Germans?
(a) August 12.
(b) September 1.
(c) August 20.
(d) August 24.

Short Answer Questions

1. Right from the first day of invasion the Germans shot both Belgian civilians and who else?

2. Who had the superiority of numbers in the fighting in the Ardennes that took place in Chapter 14?

3. What preparations had the Russians made specifically regarding their promise to help the French?

4. Though the Russian defeat at Tannenberg was terrible, what good did it accomplish for France?

5. Which of the two Russian armies did the German Eighth Army choose to attack with all of its strength before the other could come to help?

Short Essay Questions

1. What inescapable truth was realized after the battles of Mons and Charleroi, and what country did it make important as a source of supplies?

2. Explain the relationship between Ludendorff and Hindenburg, as well as the phrase “‘Was sagst du?’ (What do you say?)” (284).

3. What happened to the people of Andenne when they were accused of attacking the Germans, and how did the Germans use this information?

4. Why did OHL offer to send Ludendorff three corps from the Western Front?

5. Why was Rennenkamampf’s line “You can take off your clothes now; the Germans are retiring” (276) in Chapter 15 criticized afterward?

6. Explain how General Joffre came across as a commander, particularly based on the description from Chapter 11 (184).

7. What was the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) doing from August 6-10?

8. What was Joffre referring to when he said, “There is reason to await with confidence the development of operations” (230) at the end of Chapter 13?

9. What did the two telegrams intercepted by German command in the beginning of Chapter 16 say, and what decision did it help the Germans make?

10. What was the Allied leadership beginning to realize by the end of August 23?

(see the answer keys)

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