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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The German and French attacks, each from their extreme right wing, is compared to what?
(a) A subway.
(b) A diving airplane.
(c) An escalator.
(d) A revolving door.

2. At one point during the reatreat, when Lanrezac was convinced that Joffre’s plan was a bad one, he refused to move without what?
(a) An assurance of victory.
(b) A written order to do so.
(c) A verbal agreement that it was not his idea.
(d) A day of rest for his troops.

3. Why did Germany want Turkey as an ally?
(a) To attack the Russians with Turkish soldiers.
(b) To annoy the British ships in the area.
(c) To fight Lawrence of Arabia.
(d) To close off Russia’s access to the world via the Black Sea.

4. What did Samsonov do after losing his army in battle at Tannenberg?
(a) Fled the field of battle and was never seen again.
(b) Committed suicide.
(c) Begged the Czar’s forgiveness.
(d) Decided to right the wrong and turn on the Germans once again.

5. Who was called the “Sick Man” of Europe? (137)
(a) Russia.
(b) Kaiser William II.
(c) The Ottoman Empire.
(d) The Russian Czar.

6. On August 24, after days of terrible news of the disaster of Plan 17, what did Joffre finally tell Messimy?
(a) That the French must go on the defensive.
(b) That it is the fault of the British that everything went wrong.
(c) That the French must still continue to attack, whatever the cost.
(d) That he would lose his coat before admitting defeat.

7. Who was asked to be the Governor of Paris and to direct its defense?
(a) Joffre.
(b) Gallieni.
(c) Sir John French.
(d) Poincare.

8. When the Grand Duke was appointed Comander in Chief of the Russian forces, why did he shed tears?
(a) Because he really did not want the job of Commander in Chief.
(b) Because he had wanted the job of Commander in Chief for his entire life.
(c) Because he was overjoyed to use the Russians to help the French.
(d) Because he realized that the Russian promises to aid the French was more than they could fulfill.

9. Who was chosen as the new commander of the German Eighth Army?
(a) Von Kluck.
(b) Von Below.
(c) Ludendorff.
(d) Hindenburg.

10. When the German ships were allowed to enter the Dardanelles, what was the order for the forts to do if British ships followed?
(a) To fire on them.
(b) To let them pass.
(c) To fire at them with a surprise torpedo attack.
(d) To send them away with a stern warning.

11. What famous location lay between Mons and Brussels?
(a) The Ardennes.
(b) Berlin.
(c) Waterloo.
(d) Paris.

12. What was the primary Allied war aim as expressed by Foreign Minister Sazonov?
(a) To hamstring German trade.
(b) To break the back of the German working class.
(c) To destroy German imperialism.
(d) To wipe out all Germans.

13. What did the German armies do during the first four days of Dubail’s and Castelnau’s offensive into Lorraine?
(a) They retired slowly, fighting for ever inch of territory.
(b) They attacked and drove back the French.
(c) The held their ground and did not give an inch of territory.
(d) They retired slowly, according to their plan.

14. While the German ships in Chapter 10 sailed through the night, dogged by a British ship, what did their inferior coal do?
(a) Burned clean because of the German’s superior engines.
(b) Caused a fire in the ship’s engines.
(c) Polluted the air more than any other ship for a hundred miles around.
(d) Blotched the moonlit sky with black clouds.

15. When the German attack on the forts of Liege failed miserably, what did Ludendorff insist needed to be brought into action?
(a) The light German field artillery.
(b) The plan of starving out the enemy.
(c) The Uhlan cavalry.
(d) The enormous German siege cannon.

Short Answer Questions

1. In general, the Battle of Gumbinnen was a victory for what country?

2. The Germans were obsessively concerned about violations of what?

3. How did the two-day Russian retreat from Tannenberg go?

4. On what day was Brussels occupied by the Germans?

5. What does Tuchman say “cast a long shadow upon the world” (137)?

(see the answer keys)

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