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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Ralph Waldo Emerson say was one of the chief draws of Paris to young men?

2. How did theater help Americans learn French?

3. What was the first news article to appear about the daguerreotype in the United States?

4. Who attacked and beat Charles Sumner to such a degree that he would have pain for much of the rest of his life?

5. Where did many Americans in the 1830s get their information on Paris and its culture?

Short Essay Questions

1. What form of travel did most Americans discover was necessary in order to see many of the sights of Paris?

2. What were some of Mason Warren's complaints about the behavior of the doctors under whom he trained in Paris?

3. For what reason did Americans prior to the 1830s embark to Paris? Who were these Americans?

4. Who was president of France in the 1850s? How was he received by American diplomats?

5. What aspect of living in Paris did many ladies from America appreciate the most?

6. What artist did James Fenimore Cooper befriend while living in Paris? Where was this artist completing most of his work during this friendship?

7. For what reason were many Americans disappointed with their first impressions of Paris?

8. What kind of careers would most of the American doctors who trained in Paris have?

9. Who was Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis? Why was he important to Americans who went to Paris in the 1830s?

10. What was the genre of James Fenimore Cooper's first novel? Why was it not successful?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

How did the change in transatlantic transportation change the immigration of Americans to Paris? What else seems to have impacted the movement of Americans from America to Paris? What were some of the main reasons these Americans traveled to Paris? Who was George Healy? How did he become acquainted with King Louis-Phillipe? What paintings did the king ask Healy to create? Who are among some of the famous people Healy painted during this time period?

Essay Topic 2

What is the Farragut? Who created it? What struggles did this person undergo in creating this piece of art? How did it impact his personal life? How did it impact his professional life? Where is the Farragut now? What other works did this artist create? Where are some of these works displayed? What impact did this artist have on the art world during his lifetime? What impact did Paris have on this artist and his career?

Essay Topic 3

What impact did many Americans who had visited and perhaps received education in Paris have on America upon their return? How did Charles Sumner impact politics before and during the Civil War? How did Healy impact the art world with his works of art commissioned by King Louis-Phillipe? How were Cooper's novels impacted by his time in Paris? How did Morse's time in Paris impact his invention of the telegraph? How did the telegraph impact the world?

(see the answer keys)

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