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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Louis Napoleon Bonaparte say was his power?

2. Who was the first American to be admitted to the Ecole des Beaux-Arts?

3. What is the Sorbonne?

4. Who was Antoine Gros?

5. What was considered the grandest and most exuberant expression of the Second Empire opulence?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who was president of France in the 1850s? How was he received by American diplomats?

2. What were some of the professions of those who traveled to Paris in the 1830s? What reason did they have to travel to Paris?

3. For what reason did Americans prior to the 1830s embark to Paris? Who were these Americans?

4. On September 14, 1851, what American author died? Who was among those who memorialized him at a tribute in New York?

5. What shift in the types of Americans coming to Paris took place in the late 1840s?

6. What artist did James Fenimore Cooper befriend while living in Paris? Where was this artist completing most of his work during this friendship?

7. Who was Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis? Why was he important to Americans who went to Paris in the 1830s?

8. Who was James McNeill Whistler? In what country did he spend most of his childhood? What did others think of Whistler during his time in Paris?

9. Who was George Healy? Who was he commissioned to paint in the 1840s?

10. What was the genre of James Fenimore Cooper's first novel? Why was it not successful?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What is the Farragut? Who created it? What struggles did this person undergo in creating this piece of art? How did it impact his personal life? How did it impact his professional life? Where is the Farragut now? What other works did this artist create? Where are some of these works displayed? What impact did this artist have on the art world during his lifetime? What impact did Paris have on this artist and his career?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss in an essay one of the following, describing the location both as it appeared to the American travelers in the 1830s as well as some of its history and its modern day existence:

1) Palais Royale

2) Louvre

3) Garden of the Tuileries

4) Bourse.

Essay Topic 3

What is the Ecole de Medicine? Why did many Americans chose to attend medical school in Paris? How did French medical training contrast with American medical training? How did medical protocols compare with American? Who were the teachers at the Ecole de Medicine? How did their techniques differ from what Americans had previously been taught?

(see the answer keys)

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