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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Americans find unusual about the length of a day in Paris?

2. Why did Oliver Wendell Holmes choose to travel to Paris in the 1830s?

3. For shat portrait did George Healy win his first medal at the Paris Salon?

4. Why did Victor Hugo move to Belgium in 1851?

5. What American building did Pierre-Charles L'Enfant design?

Short Essay Questions

1. What famous painting did Healy complete in Paris in 1850? What American political event did this painting portray?

2. What one commission did Samuel Morse hope to get that he did not receive? Why did he not get it?

3. For what reason did Americans prior to the 1830s embark to Paris? Who were these Americans?

4. What shift in the types of Americans coming to Paris took place in the late 1840s?

5. What invention did the artist Delacroix say marked the death of art? Who invented it?

6. What was the primary mode of travel to Europe in the 1830s? What did many of these early travelers think of this mode of transportation?

7. What were some of the biggest complaints against King Louis-Phillipe in 1847 that eventually led to the king going into exile?

8. What were some of the professions of those who traveled to Paris in the 1830s? What reason did they have to travel to Paris?

9. What epidemic came to Paris in the spring of 1832 that forced many Americans to leave town?

10. What form of travel did most Americans discover was necessary in order to see many of the sights of Paris?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What were some of the social problems Americans first noticed about the culture of Paris? How did these social problems reflect similar problems in America? How were they different? Was there a similar separation of races in Paris as there was in America? Did slavery exist in Paris? How did this impact those Americans accustomed to racial inequality?

Essay Topic 2

What is cholera? Why was it believed that it would never appear in a civilized city? How did people react when a cholera outbreak began in Paris in 1832? How did cholera affect its victims? What was the prognosis of a patient with cholera in 1832? What did Americans know of cholera? Why was it believed in the 1830s that cholera was a disease of the poor? Why did people believe that the government was actively poisoning the poor during the initial outbreak? How did Americans respond to this crisis?

Essay Topic 3

Who was Samuel Morse? What ambitious project did he take on in regards to the Louvre? What did Morse want to do with his life? Why did he go to Paris? How did Paris influence Morse's work? Why did Morse represent the national character of America to Nathaniel Willis? Who often spent time with Morse at the Louvre? How did this friendship impact both men? Why did Morse eventually turn his attention to inventing? What did Morse invent? What impact did this invention have on Morse's life? What impact did this invention have on society as a whole?

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