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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What took place in April 1834 that allowed many medical students to see gunshot wounds and wounds caused by bayonets first hand?
(a) A civil war battle.
(b) A political protest.
(c) An uprising among the poor.
(d) A Revolutionary War reenactment.

2. What happened on February 22, 1847?
(a) King Louis-Phillipe was assasinated.
(b) President Polk died.
(c) A new Revolution began.
(d) Crowds marched in protest.

3. Why did Oliver Wendell Holmes stress that the ability to dissect a human corpse was a unique and deeply important part of his French medical training?
(a) It allowed him to practice surgical techniques.
(b) It allowed him to see every part of human anatomy.
(c) It allowed him to get used to touching a patient.
(d) It allowed him to see the differences in female and male anatomy.

4. Where did many Americans in the 1830s get their information on Paris and its culture?
(a) From previous travels.
(b) From the styles and art of Paris.
(c) From the newspapers and literature.
(d) From gossip.

5. How did Antoine Gros die?
(a) Tuberculosis.
(b) Cancer.
(c) Suicide.
(d) Cholera.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did Charles Sumner climb the four hundred steps to the top of Notre Dame?

2. What is the Sorbonne?

3. What were omnibuses?

4. What did reviewers of James Fenimore Cooper's writing often compare his eye for description to?

5. Where was the first children's hospital opened?

Short Essay Questions

1. What were some of Mason Warren's complaints about the behavior of the doctors under whom he trained in Paris?

2. What was the genre of James Fenimore Cooper's first novel? Why was it not successful?

3. What aspect of living in Paris did many ladies from America appreciate the most?

4. What was the primary mode of travel to Europe in the 1830s? What did many of these early travelers think of this mode of transportation?

5. What shift in the types of Americans coming to Paris took place in the late 1840s?

6. Who was Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis? Why was he important to Americans who went to Paris in the 1830s?

7. How did many of the Americans who arrived in Paris in the 1830s feel about the stringent laws regarding passports?

8. What were some of the differences between medical training in the United States and medical training in Paris?

9. On September 14, 1851, what American author died? Who was among those who memorialized him at a tribute in New York?

10. What were some of the biggest complaints against King Louis-Phillipe in 1847 that eventually led to the king going into exile?

(see the answer keys)

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