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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was Emma Willard's profession?
(a) Schoolmistress and textbook writer.
(b) Artist.
(c) Lawyer.
(d) Doctor in training.

2. What did his teacher, Pierre-Charles--Alexandre Louis, encourage James Jackson, Jr. to pursue in his medical education?
(a) Oncology.
(b) Gynecology.
(c) Pathological research.
(d) Surgery.

3. By what title was Louis Napoleon Bonaparte often referred?
(a) King-President.
(b) Prince-King.
(c) Little Prince.
(d) Prince-President.

4. Who is Natty Bumppo?
(a) A character in several James Fenimore Cooper's novels.
(b) Oliver Wendell Holmes' cousin.
(c) Samuel Morse's daughter.
(d) George Healy's uncle.

5. When Morse was twenty-eight, who commissioned him for a portrait?
(a) John Quincy Adams.
(b) James Monroe.
(c) Andrew Jackson.
(d) Oliver Wendell Holmes.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was considered the grandest and most exuberant expression of the Second Empire opulence?

2. Who was P.T.Barnum?

3. What was one of the great virtues of Morse's project, Gallery of the Louvre?

4. Why was Charles Stratton unique?

5. What profession did Ralph Waldo Emerson leave prior to going to Paris in 1833?

Short Essay Questions

1. What one commission did Samuel Morse hope to get that he did not receive? Why did he not get it?

2. For what reason did Parisians place bodies recovered from the Seine on displayed?

3. What did the Americans find unusual about the way in which Parisians took their meals?

4. What were some of the biggest complaints against King Louis-Phillipe in 1847 that eventually led to the king going into exile?

5. Who was James McNeill Whistler? In what country did he spend most of his childhood? What did others think of Whistler during his time in Paris?

6. In Morse's disappointment with his art career, what project did he turn his attention to? How did this project change the way people communicated at the time?

7. For what reason were many Americans disappointed with their first impressions of Paris?

8. What aspect of living in Paris did many ladies from America appreciate the most?

9. Who was president of France in the 1850s? How was he received by American diplomats?

10. For what reason did Americans prior to the 1830s embark to Paris? Who were these Americans?

(see the answer keys)

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