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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did Robert Koch discover the tubercle bacillus?
(a) 1882.
(b) 1890.
(c) 1895.
(d) 1855.

2. The author states in Chapter 1 that there are two most important questions in science. What is the first?
(a) Why is this happening?
(b) What can I know?
(c) Why?
(d) How is this occurring?

3. Where was anesthesia first demonstrated at a general hospital in 1846?
(a) Maine.
(b) New York.
(c) Maryland.
(d) Massachusetts.

4. Who was the president of the Johns Hopkins University when it was established?
(a) Samuel Tilden.
(b) Daniel Coit Gilman.
(c) William Budd.
(d) Elias Canetti.

5. Who was the U.S. Attorney General when the U.S. entered WWI?
(a) Peyton Rous.
(b) Albert Sidney Burleson.
(c) Thomas Gregory.
(d) William Jennings Bryan.

6. According to the author in Chapter 3, three theories stood as rivals to the germ theory. What did the first theory involve?
(a) Amitosis.
(b) Miasma.
(c) Carcinogens.
(d) Migration.

7. Who was Woodrow Wilson's secretary of state until he resigned in 1915?
(a) William Jennings Bryan.
(b) Martin Behrman.
(c) Peyton Rous.
(d) Albert Sidney Burleson.

8. When was the International Red Cross founded?
(a) 1888.
(b) 1876.
(c) 1919.
(d) 1863.

9. How old did William Henry Welch turn in 1930?
(a) 75.
(b) 62.
(c) 80.
(d) 91.

10. Counting both sides, how many troops died in the U.S. Civil War in combat or from their wounds?
(a) 254,000.
(b) 23,000.
(c) 634,000.
(d) 185,000.

11. When did Harvard create the first laboratory of experimental medicine at any American university?
(a) 1871.
(b) 1899.
(c) 1876.
(d) 1902.

12. Who was the civilian surgeon general and head of the U.S. Public Health Service when the U.S. entered WWI?
(a) Peyton Rous.
(b) William Jennings Bryan.
(c) Albert Sidney Burleson.
(d) Rupert Blue.

13. When did World War I begin?
(a) 1916.
(b) 1914.
(c) 1918.
(d) 1912.

14. What is the lowest estimate of the death toll from the Spanish Flu, according to the author in the Prologue?
(a) 6 million.
(b) 10 million.
(c) 12. million.
(d) 21 million.

15. What question does religion and philosophy ask that science does not, because it is too deep a question for science?
(a) Why?
(b) When?
(c) How?
(d) Where?

Short Answer Questions

1. Who developed a method still in use that led to the first blood banks being established at the front in 1917?

2. In the Boer War from 1899 to 1902, how many British troops died for each combat-related death?

3. Where was Oswald Avery born?

4. What was the arsenic compound developed by Paul Ehrlich called that could cure syphilis patients?

5. Who in the 1500s declared that he would investigate nature "not by following that which those of old taught, but by our own observation of nature confirmed by ... experiment and by reasoning thereon" (27)?

(see the answer keys)

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