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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When WWI bega, there were 140,000 physicians in the United States. How many of them were serving in the army or navy?
(a) 423.
(b) 165.
(c) 776.
(d) 934.

2. Approximately when was Hippocrates born?
(a) 100 B.C.
(b) 140 B.C.
(c) 320 B.C.
(d) 460 B.C.

3. When was the International Red Cross founded?
(a) 1876.
(b) 1888.
(c) 1863.
(d) 1919.

4. What were the four humours that were hypothesized by those who wrote the Hippocratic texts?
(a) Blood, phlegm, bile, and black bile.
(b) Heat, coolness, love, and fear.
(c) Blood, bile, fever, and taste.
(d) Phlegm, urine, sweat, and blood.

5. Who gave the word "'paradigm' wide usage by arguing that at any given point in time, a particular paradigm, a kind of perceived truth, dominates the thinking in any science" (24)?
(a) Samuel Tilden.
(b) Elias Canetti.
(c) Daniel Coit Gilman.
(d) Thomas Kuhn.

6. Counting both sides, how many troops died in the U.S. Civil war from disease?
(a) 373,000.
(b) 634,000.
(c) 253,000.
(d) 452,000.

7. When did Harvard create the first laboratory of experimental medicine at any American university?
(a) 1871.
(b) 1899.
(c) 1902.
(d) 1876.

8. When did a German submarine sink the Lusitania?
(a) 1917.
(b) 1915.
(c) 1919.
(d) 1916.

9. How old did William Henry Welch turn in 1930?
(a) 75.
(b) 91.
(c) 62.
(d) 80.

10. In the Boer War from 1899 to 1902, how many British troops died for each combat-related death?
(a) 8.
(b) 4.
(c) 10.
(d) 6.

11. When was the American Red Cross founded?
(a) 1876.
(b) 1919.
(c) 1881.
(d) 1888.

12. Who was the Nobel laureate that pioneered the surgical reattachment of limbs and organ transpantation in 1912?
(a) William Jennings Bryan.
(b) Peyton Rous.
(c) Alexis Carrel.
(d) Rupert Blue.

13. The author states in Chapter 1 that there are two most important questions in science. What is the second?
(a) How can I know it?
(b) What his happening?
(c) What is its purpose?
(d) How does this work?

14. When Johns Hopkins died, how much was the trust he left to found a univerisity and hospital?
(a) $1.3 million.
(b) $4.2 million.
(c) $3.5 million.
(d) $2.1 million.

15. When did William Henry Welch enter Yale's Sheffield Scientific School to study chemistry?
(a) 1899.
(b) 1856.
(c) 1879.
(d) 1872.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who borrowed John Snow's epidemiologist methodology and applied it to the study of typhoid in the 1850s?

2. Who was the mayor of New Orleans when the U.S. entered WWI?

3. When did the medical school at the Johns Hopkins University open?

4. With what university is the Henry Phipps Institute associated?

5. What were the names of the Mayo brothers who were giants in the field of surgery?

(see the answer keys)

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