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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the area where Rome was not contradicting itself?
(a) Politics.
(b) Education.
(c) Economy.
(d) Warfare.

2. What were Carthaginian's writing mostly about?
(a) Record of transactions.
(b) Funny novels.
(c) Poetry.
(d) Plays.

3. When was Polybius brought to Rome?
(a) 147 B.C.
(b) 177 B.C.
(c) 157 B.C.
(d) 167 B.C.

4. How did the average Roman soldier feel about the battle to come?
(a) Underprepared.
(b) That it was going to be a disaster.
(c) Left out.
(d) Optimistic.

5. Where was Polybius of Megalopolis at the start of Chapter 1?
(a) Crossing the German Alps.
(b) Crossing the FrenchAlps.
(c) Crossing the Italian Alps.
(d) Crossing the Swiss Alps.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did Rome decide to destroy Carthage?

2. Why did Roman soldiers drown in the river during the battle of Cannae?

3. What was unique about the tablet Polybius studied?

4. Why did ancient historians make their work entertaining and dramatic?

5. When was Hannibal in Carthage last?

Short Essay Questions

1. What were the three assembled bodies?

2. What did the Roman soldiers likely have difficulty with at Cannae?

3. How did some rise in military ranks?

4. What gave Polybius access to research material?

5. What were young men trained to do even before entering the military?

6. What did military tribunes do for the first time in history according to Chapter 2?

7. What important survivor remained after the Battle at Cannae according to Chapter 1?

8. Why did O'Connell address the history of gladiators?

9. What did Polybius examine when he hiked through the Alps?

10. What did Romans discover they needed to learn?

(see the answer keys)

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