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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What were Carthaginians using in battle?
(a) Camels.
(b) Elephants.
(c) Bulls.
(d) Chariots.

2. How was Carthage's reputation with other nations?
(a) Not very good.
(b) As an enlightened nation.
(c) As a fanatic nation.
(d) As a thief nation.

3. What did the tablet Polybius studied tell the story of?
(a) The chronicle of a Roman prisoner.
(b) Hannibal's early life.
(c) The story of a slave fighting for the Romans.
(d) Hannibals's achievement in Italy.

4. Where was Polybius of Megalopolis at the start of Chapter 1?
(a) Crossing the Italian Alps.
(b) Crossing the German Alps.
(c) Crossing the Swiss Alps.
(d) Crossing the FrenchAlps.

5. How did Polybius travel the Alps?
(a) On an elephant.
(b) On a horse.
(c) Hiking.
(d) On a carriage.

Short Answer Questions

1. How much food did Hannibal's army have before the Battle of Cannae?

2. What were Carthaginian's writing mostly about?

3. What did ancient historians believe strongly in?

4. Why did Hannibal choose to fight with the wind in his back?

5. What did the Romans do after something failed?

Short Essay Questions

1. What gave Polybius access to research material?

2. Who was Titius Livius?

3. How did religion come into play?

4. How was Hannibal prepared for battle according to Chapter 3?

5. What did Romans discover they needed to learn?

6. What question does the author address about the Battle at Cannae?

7. Who was Fabius Pictor?

8. What was Carthage's reputation?

9. What important survivor remained after the Battle at Cannae according to Chapter 1?

10. Why did O'Connell address the history of gladiators?

(see the answer keys)

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