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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did Polybius travel the Alps?
(a) On a horse.
(b) Hiking.
(c) On a carriage.
(d) On an elephant.

2. What was the area where Rome was not contradicting itself?
(a) Warfare.
(b) Economy.
(c) Education.
(d) Politics.

3. What were Carthaginians using in battle?
(a) Bulls.
(b) Camels.
(c) Elephants.
(d) Chariots.

4. How long after Hannibals's invasion of Italy does Chapter 1 start?
(a) 53 years.
(b) 73 years.
(c) 43 years.
(d) 63 years.

5. What did nations consider Carthaginians to be?
(a) Immoral and barbaric.
(b) Too political.
(c) Good merchants.
(d) Gentle and intellectual.

6. What was unique about the tablet Polybius studied?
(a) It was touched by Hannibal.
(b) It was forged by Hannibal.
(c) It was inscribed by Hannibal.
(d) It was disctated by Hannibal.

7. How did Carthage deal with failure?
(a) By demoting officer to soldier.
(b) By using crucifiction.
(c) By imposing fines.
(d) By banishing people.

8. What did the Romans do after something failed?
(a) They assessed the situation and learned from it.
(b) They wrote it down for future generations.
(c) They tried something else.
(d) They tried the same thing again.

9. Who settled Carthage?
(a) Louisa.
(b) Roberta.
(c) Elissa.
(d) Maria.

10. What was the first sign of an invasion at Cannae according to Chapter 2?
(a) A dust cloud.
(b) Music.
(c) Advanced scouts.
(d) Food supplies arriving 24 hours before the Roman main army.

11. What could cause confusion in the Roman army?
(a) Having new troops integrated.
(b) Having several commanders.
(c) Lack of training.
(d) Using several languages.

12. What did the tablet Polybius studied tell the story of?
(a) Hannibals's achievement in Italy.
(b) The chronicle of a Roman prisoner.
(c) Hannibal's early life.
(d) The story of a slave fighting for the Romans.

13. How did the average Roman soldier feel about the battle to come?
(a) Left out.
(b) Optimistic.
(c) That it was going to be a disaster.
(d) Underprepared.

14. What was the common Roman tactic to overpower their enemies?
(a) Encircle them quickly and charge toward the inside to kill them all.
(b) Wait for the cavalery to break the rank and them attack with swords.
(c) Charged sword first.
(d) Knocked them on the ground with their shield and killed them with their sword.

15. Why was Polybius brought to Rome?
(a) Keep the Greeks under control.
(b) Keep the Carthagenians under control.
(c) Keep the Gauls under control.
(d) Keep the Celts under control.

Short Answer Questions

1. How long did those who serve in the cavalry have to enlist for?

2. How did Carthaginians in the military rise in rank?

3. How many Roman ships were destroyed by a storm according to Polybius?

4. Why did ancient historians make their work entertaining and dramatic?

5. How long did those who serve in the military have to enlist for in periods of great danger?

(see the answer keys)

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