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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the Roman do when they liked something?
(a) They destroyed it.
(b) They bought it.
(c) They copied it.
(d) They called it Roman.

2. What were Carthaginians using in battle?
(a) Elephants.
(b) Chariots.
(c) Bulls.
(d) Camels.

3. What was unique about the tablet Polybius studied?
(a) It was inscribed by Hannibal.
(b) It was touched by Hannibal.
(c) It was disctated by Hannibal.
(d) It was forged by Hannibal.

4. What did the military tribune do to the Roman soldiers for the first time in history?
(a) Give them money to fight.
(b) Swore an oath of allegiance.
(c) Order them to retreat.
(d) Promise them freedom.

5. Where was Polybius of Megalopolis at the start of Chapter 1?
(a) Crossing the Swiss Alps.
(b) Crossing the Italian Alps.
(c) Crossing the FrenchAlps.
(d) Crossing the German Alps.

6. Why are historians incapable of pinpointing the site of the battle of Cannae?
(a) No location indications are given in the texts.
(b) The river dried out.
(c) Rivers and construction efforts changed the landscape.
(d) Maps of the area were lost.

7. What could cause confusion in the Roman army?
(a) Using several languages.
(b) Having new troops integrated.
(c) Having several commanders.
(d) Lack of training.

8. How many soldiers fought at Cannae?
(a) 110,000.
(b) 20,000.
(c) 120,000.
(d) 150,000.

9. Why did ancient historians make their work entertaining and dramatic?
(a) So it could be shared with illiterates.
(b) To children could read it.
(c) So it was interesting for school children.
(d) To be used a a recruiting tool.

10. How did Carthage deal with failure?
(a) By imposing fines.
(b) By using crucifiction.
(c) By banishing people.
(d) By demoting officer to soldier.

11. How did the average Roman soldier feel about the battle to come?
(a) That it was going to be a disaster.
(b) Underprepared.
(c) Left out.
(d) Optimistic.

12. What was there little of in Carthage?
(a) Patience.
(b) Money.
(c) Weapons.
(d) Class conflict.

13. What does Robert O'Connell describe the Punic War to?
(a) WWI and WWII.
(b) Napoleonic wars.
(c) The French Revolution.
(d) The Rose Wars.

14. What were Carthaginian's writing mostly about?
(a) Funny novels.
(b) Record of transactions.
(c) Poetry.
(d) Plays.

15. How much of the Roman senate was in the army going to Cannae?
(a) Half.
(b) None.
(c) A quarter to a third.
(d) All of it.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Hannibal know of the Roman army according to "Carthage"?

2. How many books by Titus Livius survive today?

3. What was the first sign of an invasion at Cannae according to Chapter 2?

4. Why did Roman soldiers drown in the river during the battle of Cannae?

5. What was the area where Rome was not contradicting itself?

(see the answer keys)

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