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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What were gladiators originally meant for?
(a) As a way to kill Christians.
(b) Entertainment.
(c) Close combat training.
(d) As a way to settle disputes.

2. How many Roman ships were destroyed by a storm according to Polybius?
(a) 284.
(b) 84.
(c) 184.
(d) 384.

3. What did the Romans do after something failed?
(a) They tried the same thing again.
(b) They tried something else.
(c) They wrote it down for future generations.
(d) They assessed the situation and learned from it.

4. What was Polybius of Megalopolis' goal?
(a) Write a book about Hannibal.
(b) Write a book about the Celts.
(c) Write a book about Rome.
(d) Write a book about the Gauls.

5. How many books did Titus Livius write?
(a) 142.
(b) 152.
(c) 172.
(d) 162.

6. How did Polybius travel the Alps?
(a) On a horse.
(b) On an elephant.
(c) Hiking.
(d) On a carriage.

7. How long after the battle did the survivors of the battle live by their oath?
(a) 35 years.
(b) 20 years.
(c) 15 years.
(d) 30 years.

8. What were Carthaginian's writing mostly about?
(a) Plays.
(b) Funny novels.
(c) Record of transactions.
(d) Poetry.

9. What was the tablet Polybius studied made of?
(a) Steel.
(b) Stone.
(c) Bronze.
(d) Iron.

10. What could cause confusion in the Roman army?
(a) Lack of training.
(b) Using several languages.
(c) Having several commanders.
(d) Having new troops integrated.

11. Why was Hannibal's plan so risky?
(a) He would not have been able to resupply in food.
(b) His troops were vastly outnumbered.
(c) He had no reserve troops.
(d) He had nowhere to run.

12. How many books by Titus Livius survive today?
(a) 32.
(b) 49.
(c) 52.
(d) 15.

13. Where was Polybius of Megalopolis at the start of Chapter 1?
(a) Crossing the Italian Alps.
(b) Crossing the FrenchAlps.
(c) Crossing the German Alps.
(d) Crossing the Swiss Alps.

14. How much food did Hannibal's army have before the Battle of Cannae?
(a) 30 days worth.
(b) 20 days worth.
(c) 3 days worth.
(d) 10 days worth.

15. What did Hannibal likely not understand as he rose against Rome?
(a) Their faith.
(b) Their numbers and strength.
(c) Thie weapons.
(d) Their resolve.

Short Answer Questions

1. How was Carthage's reputation with other nations?

2. What was the problem with basic Roman tactics at Cannae?

3. How did Carthage deal with failure?

4. When was Hannibal in Carthage last?

5. What was the area where Rome was not contradicting itself?

(see the answer keys)

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