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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What will happen with a revolutionary change?
(a) Conflicts resolve themselves.
(b) Old money will disappear.
(c) New educations will form.
(d) A new gray champion.

2. What did the Etruscans know?
(a) That food was sustainable.
(b) That history was cyclical.
(c) That money did not matter.
(d) That other cultures were stronger than theirs.

3. What do gray champions do to the Fourth Turning?
(a) Create conflict in the Fourth Turning.
(b) Bring the Fourth Turning to a climax.
(c) Grow relationships during the Fourth Turning.
(d) Close the Fourth Turning.

4. Where do seasons occur according to the authors?
(a) Outdoors, four times a year.
(b) At historical museums.
(c) Across and within generations.
(d) Within the education system.

5. When does a generation come to be recognized?
(a) When it has power.
(b) When it reaches young adulthood.
(c) When it finishes school.
(d) When it reproduces.

Short Answer Questions

1. How is Arnold Toynbee's cycle characterized?

2. As the book opens, how do the American people behave according to the authors?

3. The authors say that present day Americans continue to acknowledge what periodic cycle?

4. What was the generational cycle of 1600?

5. What happens during a second turning?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why do the authors remind readers once again against thinking of time as linear?

2. How do the authors characterize cycles?

3. As the authors present the information, why are 'seasons' across and within generations?

4. Why is the length of a saeculum in the United States significant?

5. What is the correct time that this chapter presents for Americans to embrace?

6. Why do the authors say present-day Americans have an image of America's First Turning as a 'high'?

7. According to the authors, what struggles do the Boomers face as they age?

8. How did the Silent Generation behave during the First Turning according to the authors?

9. According to the authors, what happens to generations when they pass through a crisis?

10. How did 13ers feel about America during the Second Turning according to the authors?

(see the answer keys)

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