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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 2, Seasons of Time.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What happened to the Etruscans?
(a) The Victorians controlled them.
(b) The Roman Empire replaced them.
(c) They refused to pay their bills.
(d) They never realized history was cyclical.

2. What is a 'saeculum' according to the authors?
(a) A history that people ignore.
(b) The despair in communities.
(c) The most recent cycle.
(d) A utopia.

3. What happens in 'cyclical time' according to the authors?
(a) History hurts the minority.
(b) History repeats itself with only temporary progress.
(c) History starts and stops frequently.
(d) History cannot complete its beginnings.

4. How do many historians record cycles?
(a) Birth records.
(b) War.
(c) Depressions.
(d) Revitalizations

5. What did the Etruscans know?
(a) That history was cyclical.
(b) That other cultures were stronger than theirs.
(c) That money did not matter.
(d) That food was sustainable.

Short Answer Questions

1. How do the authors and other historians view cycles of war?

2. What happens to individualism during the Third Turning according to the authors?

3. What fascinated the Romans according to the authors?

4. How is Arnold Toynbee's cycle characterized?

5. What do cycles in major cultures share according to the authors?

(see the answer key)

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