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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What discovery about string theory triggered the "superstring revolution"?
(a) It was experimentally confirmed at Fermilab in the US.
(b) Einstein announced that it exactly matched his formulas for general relativity.
(c) It was found to encompass the four fundamental forces of matter.
(d) Its approximate equations were solved for the first time.

2. What is the shape of all particles, at the smallest possible level, according to string theory?
(a) A one-dimension loop.
(b) A tangled ball of thin filament.
(c) A thread of thin strings.
(d) An infinitely long string.

3. In Einstein's famous equation, E=mc^2, what does "c" represent?
(a) The speed of light.
(b) The object's density.
(c) The speed of the object.
(d) The frequency of light.

4. Which of the following is not one of the four fundamental forces of the universe?
(a) Gravity.
(b) The photoelectric force.
(c) The nuclear-weak force.
(d) The electromagnetic force.

5. According to general relativity, which of the following is said to warp or bend space-time?
(a) Accelerated motion and orbital motion.
(b) Gravity and electromagnetic fields.
(c) Accelerated motion and gravity.
(d) Constant, relativistic speed motion.

Short Answer Questions

1. What property of electromagnetic waves did Max Planck solve the thermodynamic problem of the oven by discovering?

2. What are the components of an atomic nucleus?

3. What rule did Max Planck discover the electromagnetic waves bounded in a container, such as an oven, must follow?

4. Edwin Hubble used Einstein's theories to show that the fabric of the universe _____.

5. What does the quantum electroweak theory state about the two fundamental forces it describes?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the relationship between the vibration of a string and the particle it represents, including the particle's mass and the tension, wavelength, and amplitude of the string.

2. What is the relationship between light, electricity, and magnetism?

3. In physics, what is symmetry?

4. Describe the nature and origin of quantum foam.

5. Describe Max Planck's solution to the infinite-energy problem.

6. Describe the "equivalence principle", which relates acceleration and gravitational force.

7. Describe the symmetry between the electromagnetism and the weak force that is predicted by quantum electroweak theory.

8. Describe some of the problems with uniting quantum mechanics and general relativity.

9. Describe and explain the results of the two-slit experiment.

10. List the four fundamental forces of the universe, their functions, and describe where and at what scales they are most commonly observed.

(see the answer keys)

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