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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What property did the double-slit experiment demonstrate that light has?
(a) It can be bent by gravity fields.
(b) It has an infinite number of possible frequencies.
(c) It behaves as a wave.
(d) It has a finite energy level at all frequencies.

2. What is the quantum, or messenger particle, of the strong force?
(a) The hadron.
(b) The muon.
(c) The baryon.
(d) The gluon.

3. What does the quantum electroweak theory state about the two fundamental forces it describes?
(a) At extreme energy and temperature conditions, they become the same thing.
(b) They only interact at the Planck length and below.
(c) In four-dimensional space, they are the same thing.
(d) They are identical at quantum scales.

4. General relativity is incompatible with _____.
(a) Quantum mechanics.
(b) State theory.
(c) The photoelectric effect.
(d) The big bang theory.

5. What is different about a particle of antimatter, compared to its normal counterpart?
(a) Zero mass.
(b) Complementary spin.
(c) Opposite electrical charge.
(d) Negative mass.

6. What characteristic did Werner Heisenberg discovered that some features of the universe at very small scales, and some properties of particle?
(a) They cannot be known with complete precision.
(b) They can change spontaneously, with no external influence.
(c) They are dependant on the velocity of the object being studied.
(d) They always increase or decrease by certain increments.

7. Quantum electroweak theory concerns quantum mechanics and _____.
(a) The weak force.
(b) The electromagnetic force.
(c) The strong force.
(d) Gravity.

8. What is the Planck mass?
(a) The typical energy of a quark.
(b) The typical mass of a vibrating string.
(c) The average mass gained by a string when it changes to a higher-frequency pattern.
(d) The typical mass created by quantum foam over one nano-second.

9. What would an outside observer notice about an object moving near the speed of light?
(a) It would appear to move slower near a gravitational field.
(b) It would appear vastly larger than it would at rest.
(c) It would not be observable under any circumstances.
(d) It would be shorted in the direction of its movement.

10. Richard Feynman's "sum over paths" theory states that in the double-slit experiment, an electron behaves in what way?
(a) It follows all possible paths at the same time.
(b) It follows a unique path every time.
(c) The sum of all possible frequencies describes the frequency of the final path taken.
(d) It follows the same path every time.

11. How can black holes be detected?
(a) By observing the directions of solar winds.
(b) By looking for dark gaps in clusters of stars.
(c) By their effects on objects around them.
(d) With an ultraviolet-range telescope.

12. What characteristic of the string determines the properties of the particle it represents?
(a) Its length.
(b) Its frequency of vibration.
(c) Its mass.
(d) The number of other strings with which it is threaded.

13. The wave-like nature of the electron means that after a collision, _____.
(a) The electron will double in frequency.
(b) The electron will disperse into a wave of energy.
(c) The electron can never be located again.
(d) The electron has a range of possible locations.

14. What is the result when a particle of matter and a particle of antimatter are brought into contact?
(a) A strange quark is formed.
(b) A black hole is formed.
(c) A theoretically unlimited amount of energy is released.
(d) Energy is released and both particles are destroyed.

15. According to special relativity, which of the following can move faster than light?
(a) Nothing can move faster than light.
(b) Neutrinos.
(c) Quantum data.
(d) Gravitational waves.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the quantum, or messenger particle, of the weak force?

2. According to general relativity, which of the following is said to warp or bend space-time?

3. Which of the following is closest to the Planck length?

4. In quantum mechanics, what is symmetry breaking?

5. Which of the following is true about the tension within a string?

(see the answer keys)

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