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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did Cicero arrange for the First Catilinarian to be copied?

2. How many elephants did Hannibal use when he crossed the Alps?

3. When was the Second Punic War?

4. On what river is Rome?

5. In the history of Athens, what were the most inhabitants that the city had?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 1, what are some times that author states that Rome faced danger and defeat?

2. Why is Ancient Rome important?

3. What un-Roman ritual did Livy write about that occurred in 216 BCE?

4. Why is it difficult to find archaeological evidence of Rome?

5. When is the earliest known use of the word consul?

6. How is the phrase "Quousque tandem" (50) from Cicero's speech regarding the conspiracy of Catiline used in modern times?

7. How did the Republic begin according to Roman historians and to Beard?

8. Who were some well-known descendants of Barbatus?

9. How and why has the history of ancient Rome changed over the past 50 years?

10. What symbol revealed the change in Rome's relationship with the outside world in the early fourth century BCE?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Genre is a means of classifying literature. What is the genre of the novel? Why is it not historical fiction?

Essay Topic 2

Beard believes that the boundary between myth and history for early Rome is blurred. Why does Beard believe that the boundary between myth and history for early Rome is blurred? Why is it difficult to know what is myth and what is history for that period of time?

Essay Topic 3

Thousands of writings by Cicero are still available today. What information can be gleaned about ordinary people from Cicero’s writings? How would you describe the lives of ordinary people in Rome based on Cicero’s writings?

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