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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was probably the population of Rome during Barbatus's time?
(a) 100,000 to 150,000.
(b) 60,000 to 90,000.
(c) 30,000 to 45,000.
(d) 40,000 to 55,000.

2. What historian did Cicero ask to commemorate the achievements of his consulship?
(a) Appian.
(b) Numa.
(c) Livy.
(d) Lucceius.

3. When did Caracall make every free inhabitant of the empire a Roman citizen?
(a) 204 CE.
(b) 191 CE.
(c) 198 CE.
(d) 212 CE.

4. Who were Romulus and his citizens fighting at the time when the Temple of Jupiter was said to be established?
(a) Senones.
(b) Hannibal.
(c) Spartacus.
(d) Sabines.

5. How many people lived in Rome in 63 BCE?
(a) About half a million.
(b) More than a million.
(c) 1,250,000.
(d) 984,000.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 63 BCE, who was Catiline accused of murdering?

2. When was Rome determined to have been founded?

3. Because of debt, when did the plebeians stage the first of several mass walkouts from the city?

4. When did Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus secure the final defeat of Hannibal?

5. How far back might excavations under modern Rome over the last 100 years have unearthed?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Rome like in 63 BCE?

2. Who were Catiline and Cicero?

3. Who were some well-known descendants of Barbatus?

4. What was the story of Romulus and Remus?

5. How did the Republic begin according to Roman historians and to Beard?

6. What type of dating system did the Romans use?

7. What symbol revealed the change in Rome's relationship with the outside world in the early fourth century BCE?

8. What un-Roman ritual did Livy write about that occurred in 216 BCE?

9. According to Roman tradition, when was the Temple of Jupiter established and why?

10. What was said about the corrupting influence on traditional Roman behavior and morals by foreign culture?

(see the answer keys)

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