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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who became the richest man in Gloucester, R.I., just a few years before the revolution?

2. Who believed that each individual was responsible for his or her eternal salvation or damnation?

3. In the 1790s, who proclaimed that every man and woman in every society ought to work?

4. What sail maker spoke for all industrious working men in 1797?

5. What did John Adams consider to be the main mark of a gentleman?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to John Toland, what is the difference between a man who is free and one who is dependent?

2. What social conditions which normally precipitate a revolution were absent during the American Revolution?

3. What did the American westward movement of the early 19th century do to traditional forms of social organization?

4. Why was it impossible for Christianity to be the one means of unifying America at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries?

5. What influence did George Washington exert at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787?

6. How did the numerous bankruptcies and financial collapses of the 1790s contribute to the democratization of America?

7. What did individual independence mean to revolutionaries?

8. What does this quote mean? "Idolatry to Monarchs, and servility to Aristocratic Pride was never so totally eradicated from so many in so short a time."

9. What was the Constitution of 1787 suppose to mitigate?

10. By the end of the 18th century, what was the source of the American aristocracy's downfall?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the monarchical power in England's government with its power in the colonial government before the revolution.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast how English aristocrats dominated and sustained their localities with how American aristocrats related to their localities.

Essay Topic 3

How was the paternal, face-to-face nature of early colonial American society demonstrated by Henry Laurens' acts during the Stamp Act riot in 1765? What specifically did he do and what was the reaction of the rioters? How did the outcome reveal the intact hierarchical structure?

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