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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the late 1760s, who dismissed people's right to participate in government if they didn't have a liberal arts education?
(a) Abraham Bishop.
(b) George Warner.
(c) Matthew Lyon.
(d) William Drayton.

2. Who became the richest man in Gloucester, R.I., just a few years before the revolution?
(a) Moses Cooper.
(b) Josiah Quincy.
(c) David Ramsey.
(d) Thomas Hutchinson.

3. Who said, "the attracting force of universal love" existed in all people?
(a) Joel Barlow.
(b) George Cabot.
(c) William Channing.
(d) William Sampson.

4. Whose Massachusetts family had done missionary work among the Indians?
(a) Joseph Addison.
(b) William Livingston.
(c) Lord Chesterfield.
(d) Jonathan Mayhew.

5. In the 1790s, who labeled gentry as men of idleness, extravagance, and dissipation?
(a) George Warner.
(b) Abraham Bishop
(c) Matthew Lyon.
(d) William Drayton.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did John Adams consider to be the main mark of a gentleman?

2. Who strove to undermine the gentry's distinctiveness and privileges by emphasizing their similarity to common people?

3. Who said he didn't know how to keep America from "sliding down into the mire of democracy"?

4. What did Leverett Saltonstall call "the great bond of civil society"?

5. Who said, "Idolatry to Monarchs and servility of Aristocratic Pride was never so totally eradicated from so many in so short a time"?

Short Essay Questions

1. How was liberalism measured during the Enlightenment?

2. What was the Constitution of 1787 suppose to mitigate?

3. Why was it impossible for Christianity to be the one means of unifying America at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries?

4. What does this quote mean? "Idolatry to Monarchs, and servility to Aristocratic Pride was never so totally eradicated from so many in so short a time."

5. On what precept was freemasonry organized?

6. What social conditions which normally precipitate a revolution were absent during the American Revolution?

7. How did early Americans' views of the government change after the Revolution?

8. What was hoped to replace fear and favor in enlightened colonial American society? How would the replacement be manifested?

9. Towards the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century, what was the result of Americans believing that every man was his own moral agent who was his own master in all respects and could dispose himself as he wished?

10. After the signing of the Declaration of Independence, why did the revolutionary leaders almost immediately begin to doubt that their hope of a utopian America would be realized?

(see the answer keys)

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