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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who separated magic from morals and religion?

2. What does Douglas say primitive cultures represent more than modern cultures?

3. What do ambiguities allow for?

4. What did Durkheim view ritual as symbolic of?

5. Which of the following serves as Douglas' distinction between primitive and modern culture?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Douglas describe the primitive world view?

2. What does Douglas describe as being the factors that rituals require?

3. How does the Old Testament relate to purity, in Douglas' opinion?

4. What was Smith's perception of magic?

5. What were Durkheim's beliefs?

6. How has anthropology shown the distinction between primitive and modern cultures?

7. In Douglas' book, what is the difference between holiness and blessing?

8. What does morality ensure, according to Douglas?

9. How does Douglas describe the ways in which purity can be achieved?

10. What conclusions did Malinowski come to when he studied primitive cultures?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe social control as Douglas defines it. What role does social control play in primitive and modern cultures? Why? What are some examples of social control? What does social control stem from?

Essay Topic 2

What happens when order is absent from the cultures that Douglas describes? What factors create disorder? Do you think Douglas is accurate here?

Essay Topic 3

What is the significance of adultery in primitive cultures as Douglas points out? How do the Nuer people deal with adultery? What about the Bemba? How does this relate to modern culture?

(see the answer keys)

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