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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Douglas believe unsuccessful structures invite?
(a) Rivalry.
(b) Pollution.
(c) Danger.
(d) Witches.

2. What type of collaboration does Douglas believe must be maintained to assure social life is preserved?
(a) Sexual collaboration.
(b) Marginal lines collaboration.
(c) Polluted collaboration.
(d) Social collaboration.

3. What type of rules fail to deter authority in the Bemba culture?
(a) Knowledge pollution.
(b) Sex pollution.
(c) Murder.
(d) Child abuse.

4. What do the Lele regard as the cause of early death and source of all evil?
(a) Sorcery.
(b) Sex.
(c) Rivalry.
(d) Sinful living.

5. What are kept and preserved to prevent from endangering others in the cultures Douglas describes?
(a) Sex pollution.
(b) Social barriers.
(c) Areas of margin.
(d) Moral offenses.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which culture is used as the example to show that dangerous impurities can be feared?

2. In Chapter 7, what type of boundaries does society have?

3. What is considered to be destructive of rituals in Chapter 9?

4. In Bemba culture, what can cause death?

5. When is dirt not dangerous, according to Douglas?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why is dirt regarded as being a powerful part of a ritual, according to Douglas?

2. How does sexual purity relate to women who are low in caste?

3. Describe Mae Enga culture and beliefs.

4. How is dirt related to madness in the cultures described in the reading?

5. Describe Lele culture and beliefs.

6. Describe the Israeli rejection of dirt. How is it destructive and creative at the same time, in Douglas' view?

7. Describe the structure of the Lugbara.

8. What is a moral situation? Can we define a moral? Why or why not?

9. How do Vann Gennep's conclusions relate to the Maoris people?

10. Describe Bemba culture and beliefs.

(see the answer keys)

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