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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. If a city is well fortified against attack, what will cause the enemy to retreat?
(a) They will retreat because they do not have enough supplies to feed themselves.
(b) They will retreat because the fortified city makes them believe there are other armies in the field.
(c) They will retreat because they are cold outside the walls of the city.
(d) They will retreat because they cannot afford a long seige.

2. How did the Romans maintain control in Capua, Carthage, and Numantia?
(a) They destroyed them and set up their own system of government.
(b) They allowed them to select government officials from their own citizens.
(c) They made them all Roman citizens with new priviliges.
(d) They moved the Roman capital to Carthage.

3. Who does Machiavelli say should always be in charge of the troops in a princedom?
(a) The prince himself.
(b) A relative of the prince.
(c) A well paid mercenary captain.
(d) A trusted civilian commander.

4. What powerful force does Machiavelli say can efface innovations in government?
(a) Expectations.
(b) Disdain for the past.
(c) More and more innovation.
(d) Memories.

5. What does Machiavelli see as an inevitable result of changes in government?
(a) Pleasure of the subjects who like to see a lot of changes.
(b) Growth of the dominion by annexation.
(c) A dovetailing of more and more change.
(d) Better conditions for the subjects of a dominion.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is Machiavelli removing from the political thinking during a time when the Roman Catholic Church was still appointing Emperors?

2. Why is Niccolo Machiavelli suddenly out of a job?

3. After Alexander VI, how did the Pope continue to strengthen the Church's position?

4. What was Cesare Borgia's greatest mistake according to Machiavelli?

5. What does Machiavelli cite as the measure of strength of a principality?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the reasons Machiavelli says the German cities are so secure.

2. What is the difference between a principality established by the nobles and one set up by the commoners?

3. Discuss the Duke of Ferrara as a prince who regained his prominence after a period of time.

4. What makes the instability of the Orsini and Cologna a constant struggle.

5. Describe the factors that may make it easier for a new prince to rule.

6. How did Cesare Borgia hold onto power in Romagna?

7. What are the difficulties new princes face when setting up a new government?

8. What does Machiavelli mean when he says that dominions are obtained by either good Fortune or merit?

9. Explain why Machiavelli does not speak about Republics in THE PRINCE.

10. What are the two types of princedoms as identified by Machiavelli?

(see the answer keys)

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